Explanation

To provide definitive treatment

First aid management of fracture/dislocation aims to prevent further injury, provide stability, and relieve pain, but definitive treatment should be done by medical professionals later.

Explanation

Always apply tight hard splints

This statement is FALSE because splints should not be applied too tightly; they must be firm but not restrict circulation.

Tight splints can cause further injury or compromise blood flow.

Explanation

In basic life support (BLS), the pulse should be checked for 5 to 10 seconds to quickly assess cardiovascular status.

Explanation

Third-degree burns (full-thickness burns) are characterized by charred, leathery skin and loss of sensation due to nerve damage.

Pain may be absent in the burned area.

Explanation

C is incorrect because joints and muscles should be splinted in a functional position, not in full extension, to prevent further injury or discomfort.

Good splinting technique includes:

- A. Soft padding at pressure points — Prevents pressure sores.

- B. Firm support — To immobilize the injury effectively.

- D. Exposing distal part — To monitor circulation (color, warmth, pulse).

Explanation

The best first aid for a chemical burn is to immediately flush the affected area with plenty of clean, running water for at least 10–20 minutes to remove the chemical and reduce damage.

Covering the hand, applying cream, or rushing to hospital should come after initial flushing.

Explanation

In a trauma patient experiencing shock, the common features include:

- Pink color of skin —  NOT a feature of shock. In shock, the skin is typically pale, cold, or bluish due to poor circulation.

- Cold skin —  Due to vasoconstriction

- Cold sweating —  A response to stress and low perfusion

- Low blood pressure —  A hallmark of shock

Explanation

 A visible bump alone is common and not always alarming, especially in minor head injuries.

- Drowsiness, severe headache, and vomiting can be signs of increased intracranial pressure or serious brain injury, which are alarming and need urgent evaluation.

Explanation

You do NOT stop CPR just because there’s no return of pulse/respiration after 10 minutes—continued efforts may still be successful unless there’s a clear indication to stop.

Valid reasons to stop CPR include:

- Another medical team takes over (A)

- Signs of death are confirmed, like rigor mortis or decapitation (C)

- A valid DNR is presented (D)

Explanation

In a closed-room fire, unconscious victims with no visible burns likely suffer from smoke inhalation or carbon monoxide poisoning.  

The first and most critical step is to move them to fresh air to restore oxygen supply and prevent further hypoxia.  

Other steps (like CPR) may follow if breathing or pulse is absent, but removing from the toxic environment is priority.