Explanation

There are three obligatory acts of Hajj, known as the pillars of Hajj: 

1. Ihram
2. WUF
   
3. Tawaf al-Ifadah

Additional Information:

Hajj means "to intend."

Hajj was made compulsory in 9 A.H.

Hajj is ordained in Surah Al-Baqarah.

The Prophet Muhammad performed only one Hajj in 10 A.H.

There are three types of Hajj.

One Tawaf of Kaaba is known as a Shoot, which begins from the Shoot.

There are three Jamarat.

The mosque in Mina is Kheef.

At Meekat, Hujjaj assume the state of Ihram.

Kalima Tauheed is recited during Hajj.

The ritual of offering sacrifice is performed at Mina.

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Last updated by NA on 25-April-2026

Explanation

• The empirical formula of water is H₂O

• Freezing point: 0°C (32°F)
• Boiling point: 100°C
• Molar mass: 18.015 g/mol
• Density: 997 kg/m³
• Melting point: 0°C

Last updated by NA on 25-April-2026

Explanation

• The International Monetary Fund (IMF)
• A major financial agency of the United Nations and an international financial institution.
• Pakistan officially became a member of the IMF on July 11, 1950.
• IMF founded: 27 December 1945
• Headquarters: Washington, USA
• Total members: 190
• Official language: English

Last updated by NA on 24-April-2026

Explanation

• DOS stands for Disk Operating System.
• It is an early type of computer operating system used to manage files and programs.
• It works through text-based commands (command line).
• A famous example is MS-DOS used in early PCs. 
• Dennis Ritchie is the father of MS-DOS.
• It was developed in 1982.

Last verified on 19-04-2026

Explanation

Mark Rutte is the current Secretary General of NATO since October 2024

He has also served as the prime minister of Netherlands.

He replaced Jens Stoltenberg to become NATO Secretary General.

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VU FIA UDC CONSTABLE PAST PAPER 31-12-2021

Verified and updated on 05 April 2026

Explanation

• Beginning of revelation: 22 December 609 CE
• Prophet’s age at start: 40 years
• Completion of revelation: 632 CE (year of his death)
• Total years of revelation: ~23 years

Additional information:

• The Holy Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
• First word revealed: “Iqra” (Read).
• First 5 verses of Surah Al-Alaq were revealed in Ghar-e-Hira.
• Last revealed Surah: Surah An-Nasr.
• Revelation was oral, through Archangel Gabriel (Jibril).

 Last updated NA 12-04-2026

Explanation

• Spreadsheet software is used for calculations and data organization.
• MS Excel is a widely used spreadsheet program.
• It works with rows, columns, and formulas.

Last verified on 11-04-2026

Explanation

• A bit (binary digit) is the smallest unit of data in a computer.
• It can have a value of 0 or 1, representing two possible states.

Additional information:

• 1 Byte = 8 bits
• 1 Kilobyte (KB) = 1024 Bytes
• 1 Megabyte (MB) = 1024 KB
• 1 Gigabyte (GB) = 1024 MB
• 1 Terabyte (TB) = 1024 GB

Last verified on 12-03-2026

Explanation

• Mast Tawakali (1817–1892) was a prominent Sufi poet of Balochistan.
• He was dedicated to the poor and often opposed the oppressive feudal system.
• Contemporary of Khwaja Farid and Mian Muhammad Bakhsh, he also wrote resistance poetry against colonial powers.

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

Muhammad ibn Qasim

• Conquest of Sindh: 712 AD
• Battle: Aror (near Rohri)
• Opponent: Raja Dahir (killed in battle)
• He attacked Sindh on orders of the Umayyad Caliph through Hajjaj bin Yusuf.
• Death: 18 July 715 AD

Major cities captured:

• Nirun
• Debal (Sikka fortress)
• Brahmanabad
• Alor (Aror)
• Multan

Last verified on 01-04-2026