Explanation

• Volga is the main river of Russia.
• As the longest river in Europe,
• Spans approximately 3,530 kilometers
• National river of Russia
• It flows through central Russia and drains into the Caspian Sea.
• It serves as a vital waterway for many of Russia's largest cities.

Last updated by NA on 16-07-2026

Explanation

• The first Satyagraha took place in 1906
• Location: Transvaal, South Africa
• Led a protest against the Asiatic Registration Ordinance. 

Additional information

• The first Satyagraha in India was the Champaran Satyagraha in 1917,
• The famous Salt Satyagraha (Dandi March).
• Satyagraha theory influenced Martin Luther King Jr.'s and James Bevel's campaigns
• During the Civil Rights Movement in the United States

Last updated by NA on 16-07-2026

Explanation

• Z.A Bhutto writes the Great Tragedy 
• Wrote this book in August 1971 
• It was first published in September 1971
• It documents the political and civil crisis

• Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was the former PM and President of Pakistan 
• The founder of the Pakistan People's Party.

Last updated by NA on 16-07-2026

Explanation

• Shams-ud-din Iltutmish introduced the silver tanka and Copper Jital,
• The two coins of the Delhi Sultanate
• Period: 13th century (reigned 1211–1236)
• Standard Weight: Approximately 175 grains (11.3 grams)
• Iltutmish was the first to introduce a “Pure Arabic Coin” in India.

• Shams ud-Din Iltutmish was the third Sultan of Delhi from 1211 to 1236
•  He was the first Muslim sovereign to rule from Delhi,

Last updated by NA on 16-07-2026

Explanation

• The Simon Commission did not include any Indian members.
• It consisted of exactly seven British members of the UK Parliament
• Sir John Simon served as the chairman

Additional information:

• Indian Statutory Commission, also known as the Simon Commission, 
• Rejected by the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League
• Appointed in 1928
• Opposed by both Jinnah & Gandhi

Last updated by NA on 16-07-2026

Explanation

• The PNA started mass protests against the government of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.
• PNA stands for the  Pakistan National Alliance
• A political alliance of nine opposition parties
• Founded: 5 January 1977
• Dissolved: 24 January 1978
• Ideology: Conservatism, Capitalism
• Political position: Right-wing
• Colors: Green
• Slogan: Nizam-e-Mustafa (1977)

Last updated by NA on 16-07-2026

Explanation

• “Chilum Joshi” is a festival celebrated in the Kalash Valley
• Also known as the Kalash Spring Festival
• Kalash Valley in the Chitral District of KPK
• Celebrated annually from May 13th to May 16th
• The first day is celebrated as "Milk Day," where the Kalasha people offer milk to their gods
  

Last updated by NA on 16-07-2026

Explanation

• The term "Agricultural Shot" is informal slang used in cricket
• Describe an unorthodox or poorly executed shot.

Last updated by NA on 16-07-2026

Explanation

• The Faisal Mosque was designed by the Turkish architect Vedat Dalokay. 
• Location: Islamabad
• Date established 1986
• National Mosque of Pakistan
• The sixth-largest mosque in the world
• Located on the foothills of the Margalla Hills.
• It is named after the late King Faisal of Saudi Arabia 

Last updated by NA on 16-07-2026

Explanation

• The historic "Poor Man's Budget" (1947-1948) was presented by Liaquat Ali Khan
• At that time Finance Member of the Interim Government of India
• He introduced this iconic, pro-poor budget on February 28, 1947

Last updated by NA on 16-07-2026