Explanation

• Full Form: Pakistan Penal Code (PPC)
• Origin: Based on the Indian Penal Code, 1860
• Purpose: Defines criminal offenses and punishments
• Applicable In: Pakistan
• Related Law: Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC)

Last verified on 11-06-2026

Explanation

• The National Police Academy (NPA) is located in Islamabad, Pakistan.
• Established: 1978 (initial steps)
• Main Function: Training of police officers
• Trainees: Assistant Superintendents of Police (ASPs) of Police Service of Pakistan (PSP)

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

• In 1979, the Soviet Union (USSR) invaded Afghanistan, marking a major event in the Cold War.
• The invasion aimed to support the communist government in Kabul against insurgent groups.

Additional information:

• Duration of Soviet occupation: 1979–1989 (10 years)
• Afghan resistance groups: Mujahideen fighters
• U.S. support to Mujahideen: military aid, weapons, and training
• Casualties: ~1–2 million Afghan civilians and combatants

Last verified on 12-03-2026

Explanation

• Density is the reciprocal of specific volume.
• Density tells how much mass is in a given volume.
• Specific volume tells how much volume is occupied by unit mass.

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

• Largest country in Arabian Peninsula: Saudi Arabia
• It covers about 80% of the Arabian Peninsula.
• Area: 2,149,690 km² (2.15 million km²)
• Capital: Riyadh
• Currency: Saudi Riyal
• Official Language: Arabic

Additional information:

Arabian Peninsula Countries (7):

1. Saudi Arabia
2. Yemen
3. Oman
4. United Arab Emirates (UAE)
5. Kuwait
6. Qatar
7. Bahrain

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

• The atmosphere is an open system.
• Because it exchanges both matter and energy with surroundings.
• Gases like oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapour continuously move in and out.
• Energy from the Sun enters and heat is also released back into space.
• This continuous exchange keeps atmospheric processes active.

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

• Zurich is a city in Switzerland.
• It is the largest city of Switzerland by population (400,000+).
• Zurich is a major global center for banking and finance.
• It is located in the north-central part of Switzerland.

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

Tajikistan Capital is Dushanbe.

Tajikistan Currency is Somoni.

Tajikistan official language is Tajik; Russian.

Tajikistan located is in Continent Asia.

Tajikistan Primary Religion is Islam.

Tajikistan Head of Govt. is Prime Minister – Kokhir Rasulzoda.

Tajikistan Parliament called .

Tricks for Remember

Last verified on 10-03-2026

Explanation

• Brazing and welding are hot working processes.
• Because they involve the use of heat to join metals.
• In welding, metals are melted and joined together using heat.
• In brazing, a filler metal is melted to join two metal pieces without melting the base metals.

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

• GMO stands for Genetically Modified Organism.
• It refers to an organism whose genetic material (DNA) has been changed using genetic engineering techniques.
• GMOs are developed to improve traits such as disease resistance, increased production, or better quality.

Last verified on 16-06-2026