Explanation

• Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz was a just ruler of the Umayyad Caliphate.
• He ruled from 717 to 720 A.D.
• He died in 720 A.D (101 A.H) at the age of 39 years.
• Known as the 5th Rightly Guided Caliph due to his justice and reforms.

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• Pakistan Aeronautical Complex at Kamra is located in Attock, Punjab.
• It was established with the help of China.
• Founded: 1971, Kamra Kalan
• Headquarters: Kamra Kalan
• Parent organization: Pakistan Air Force
• Production output: Military Aircraft

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• The author of Kitab-ul-Hind is Al-Biruni.
• Publisher: Anjuman Taraqqi Urdu (Hind), Delhi.
• Year of Publication: 1941.
• The language of Al-Biruni's 'Kitab-ul-Hind' is Arabic.

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

Direct: She says, “She was playing.”

Indirect: She says that she was playing.

The reporting verb “says” is in present tense, so the tense of the reported speech does not change.

The pronoun “she” remains the same (assuming it refers to the same person).

Explanation

• Thar Desert is the largest desert in Pakistan.
• It is the only subtropical desert in Asia.
• It is the 3rd largest in Asia.
• It spans an area of 175,000 square kilometers.
• It covers large areas of Pakistan and India.

Pakistan hosts five major deserts which were historic forests:

1. Cholistan (Bahawalpur, Punjab)
2. Thal (Bakhar district of Punjab)
3. Katpana desert (Sakardu)
4. Kharan desert (Balochistan)
5. Thar desert (Sindh)

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• Gregarious means ہموار
• Sociable means ملنسار

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• A lactometer is used to measure the purity and density (thickness) of milk.
• It checks if milk has been adulterated with water by measuring specific gravity.
• Works on the principle of buoyancy.
• Pure milk specific gravity: 1.028–1.032 at 15°C

Last verified on 16-03-2026

Explanation

• Shah Waliullah Dehlawi (1703–1762) was a great Islamic scholar and reformer of the Mughal era.
• His real name was Qutubuddin Ahmad Syed.
• He was born on 21 February 1703 in Phulat (India) during the reign of Aurangzeb.
• He translated the Holy Quran into Persian for the first time in the subcontinent.
• He wrote about 51 books on Islam, society, and reforms.

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• Echoes are produced when sound waves bounce back after hitting a surface, which is due to the reflection of sound.
• This reflected sound is heard as an echo.

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation