Explanation

Passage:

Theorists are divided concerning the origin of the Moon. Some hypothesize that the Moon was formed in the same way as were the planets in the inner solar system (Mercury, Venus, Mars and Earth) — from planet — forming materials in the presolar nebula. But, unlike the cores of the inner planets, the Moon’s core contains little or no iron, while the typical planet forming materials were quite rich in iron.

Other theorists propose that the Moon was ripped out of the Earth’s rocky mantle by the Earth’s collision with another large celestial body after much of the Earth’s iron fell to its core. One problem with the collision hypothesis is the question of how a satellite formed in this way could have settled into the nearly circular orbit that the Moon has today. Fortunately, the collision hypothesis is testable. If it is true, the mantlerocks of the Moon and the Earth should be the same geochemically.

Question:

The primary purpose of the passage is to:

A. Present two hypotheses concerning the origin of the Moon

B. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the collision hypothesis...

C. Propose that hypotheses concerning the Moon's origin be tested

D. Argue that the Moon could not have been formed out of typical planet-forming materials of the presolar nebula

ANSWER: A

***

Which of the following, if true, would be most likely to make it difficult to verify the collision hypothesis in the manner suggested by the author?

A. The mantle rock of the Earth has changed in composition since the formation of the Moon, while the mantlerock of the Moon has remained chemically inert.

B. The Moon’s core and mantle rock are almost inactive geologically

C. Much of the Earth's iron fell to the Earth's core long before the formation of the Moon...

D. Certain of the Earth's elements such as platinum, gold, and iridium, followed iron to the Earth's core.

ANSWER: A

Explanation

Circumspect (سرکم سپیکٹ)  محتاط، چوکنّا، ہوشیار

Careless  لاپروہ، بے پروا، یا غافل

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A Preserve is a secure place designed to keep and protect an Animal

A reservation is land; a wigwam is a type of dwelling

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Explanation

This is the antonym relationship

A cautious person is careful and hesitant, while a headstrong person is impulsive and stubborn.

Reticent (inclined to be silent/reserved) is the opposite of Vocal (outspoken/expressive)

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Explanation

Turgid and Swollen means سوجا ہوا، پھولا ہوا یا متورم

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Explanation

• The primary component of natural gas is methane (CH4).
• Making up 70% to 90% or more of its composition.
• It is a colorless, odorless, and highly flammable hydrocarbon gas.
• Characteristics: It is a fossil fuel, often found in rock formations alongside oil or on its own. 

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Explanation

• Down syndrome disorder is associated with chromosome number 21.
• It is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21,
• Resulting in a total of 47 chromosomes instead of the typical 46.
• This condition is also known as Trisomy 21. 

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Explanation

A primary function of the kidneys is Regulation of fluids, electrolytes and acid-base balance

1. Kidneys maintain water balance.

2. They regulate electrolytes (Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻).

3. Control blood pH via acid-base regulation.

4. Remove metabolic wastes from blood.

5. Essential for homeostasis.

   
   

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Explanation

Explanation

• The three essential elements of the fire triangle are fuel, heat, and oxygen
• Removing any one of these components—starving (fuel), cooling (heat), or smothering (oxygen) —will extinguish the fire

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