Explanation

• In a solution, the solute is the substance present in a smaller amount.
• It dissolves in the solvent to form a uniform mixture.
• The solvent is present in larger quantity.
• Examples: Salt in saltwater, sugar in tea.
• Solute can be solid, liquid, or gas.

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

• Mitosis is the process where a cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells.
• Each daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent.
• Essential for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction.
• Does not reduce chromosome number (unlike meiosis).
• Occurs in somatic (body) cells.

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

• Esophagus is a muscular tube connecting mouth to stomach.
• It allows food and liquids to pass for digestion.
• Part of the digestive system.
• Lined with mucous membrane to protect and lubricate food passage.
• Moves food using peristaltic movements (wave-like muscle contractions).

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

UNESCO focuses on promoting global collaboration in education, science, culture, and communication to foster peace and sustainable development.

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

• Brexit is the withdrawal of the UK from the EU and EAEC.
• UK voted to leave in a national referendum in June 2016.
• Officially left on 31 January 2020 (midnight, Dutch time).
• Theresa May was the UK Prime Minister at the time.
• UK is the first and only country to formally leave the EU after 47 years of membership.

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

• G7 (Group of Seven) consists of the world’s largest industrialized nations.
• Focused on economic policies, global trade, and international security.
• Established in 1975 to address economic challenges of advanced economies.
• Member countries: USA, UK, Germany, Japan, France, Italy, Canada.

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

• Main focus: economic development and poverty reduction.
• Established in July 1944 during the Bretton Woods Conference.
• Has 189 member countries.
• Headquarters: Washington, USA.

• Founded: 27 December 1945.
• Headquarters: Washington, USA.
• Members: 190 countries.
• Official language: English.

Explanation

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

The 26th Constitutional Amendment is related to the judicial system of Pakistan.

• Senate approval date: 20 Oct 2024
• Senate votes: 65
• NA approval date: 21 Oct 2024 by President Asif Ali Zardari
• NA votes: 225

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

Federal Constitutional Court established: 2025

First and Current Chief Justice: Aminuddin Khan

Appointment approved by: President Asif Ali Zardari

Oath ceremony: 14 Nov 2025

Court jurisdiction: constitutional and public law

Last verified on 07-02-2026