Explanation

• Issued by: General Pervez Musharraf
• Issue Date: 21 August 2002
• Purpose: Constitutional amendments and legal framework for the 2002 General Elections
• Related Amendment: 17th Constitutional Amendment (2003)
• Significance: Increased the powers of the President and restructured parts of Pakistan's constitutional system.

Additional information:

• LFO Issued by: General Yahya Khan
• Year: 1970
• Purpose: Legal framework for the 1970 General Elections
• Election Date: 7 December 1970
• Significance: Led to Pakistan's first nationwide general elections based on adult franchise.

Last verified on 10-07-2026

Explanation

• FILO (First In Last Out) means the first inserted item is removed last.
• This behavior matches a Stack data structure.
• Stack works on push and pop operations.
• It is used in function calls and undo operations.
• Elements are accessed only from the top.

Additional information:

• Stack — FILO / LIFO
• Queue — FIFO

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

• One-Unit Scheme Introduced by: Governor-General Iskander Mirza
• Year: 1955
• West Pakistan provinces merged: Punjab, Sindh, NWFP, Baluchistan
• East Pakistan remained: East Pakistan province
• Abolished: 1 July 1970

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

• Existence means موجودگی
• Existence means Presence.

Explanation

• The first Constituent Assembly of Pakistan (1947–1954) was tasked with framing the constitution.
• It was dissolved by Governor-General Ghulam Muhammad on 24 October 1954.

Additional information:

• Assembly formed: 10 August 1947
• First Prime Minister: Liaquat Ali Khan
• Constitution eventually passed: 1956

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

Explanation

• Holy Quran is the word of Allah revealed to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
• Reading every word is considered an act of worship (Ibadah).
• Written in Arabic, it guides faith, morality, and law.

Additional information:

• Memorizing Quran is called Hifz, highly rewarded in Islam.
• Divided into 114 chapters (Surahs) and 6,666 verses (Ayahs).

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

• Instrumental error occurs when measuring devices give consistently higher or lower readings.
• All measurements are systematically off by a fixed amount.
• Caused by faulty instruments, calibration issues, or worn-out equipment.
• Can be corrected by calibrating instruments.

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

Scalar quantities are physical quantities that have only magnitude (amount or size) but no direction.

Examples of scalar quantities include:

• Mass
• Temperature
• Time
• Energy
• Distance

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

• Stomata are small openings on leaf surfaces for gas exchange.
• Present more on the lower side to reduce water loss (transpiration).
• Helps plants retain moisture while still taking in CO₂ for photosynthesis.
• Upper side has fewer stomata to avoid direct sun exposure.
• Found in most dicot leaves.

Last verified on 07-02-2026