Explanation

Vasco da Gama was a famous explorer and navigator from Portugal.

Additional information:

• Born: 1460, Sines, Portugal
• Died: 1524, Cochin, India
• Famous Achievement: First European to reach India by sea in 1498
• Significance: Opened direct maritime trade between Europe and Asia

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

Objectives Resolution (قراردادِ مقاصد)

• Adopted: 12 March 1949

• Adopting Body: Constituent Assembly of Pakistan

• Presented By: Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan

• Date of Presentation: 7 March 1949

• Total Members of Assembly: 75

• Members Supporting the Resolution: 21

• Minority Members: 10

• All amendments proposed by minority members were rejected.

• As a result, all 10 minority members voted against the resolution.

Last Updated on 12-01-2026

Explanation

• Jabir ibn Hayyan, known as the "father of chemistry."
• He was an Arab Chemist.
• Composition of Alchemy was written by Jabir Bin Hayyan.

Notable ideas:

• Use of organic substances in chemistry
• Sulfur-mercury theory of metals
• Science of the balance
• Science of artificial generation

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

• The Lowari Pass connects the regions of Chitral and Dir within Pakistan's Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province,
• It is a high mountain pass located in KPK
•  Its closure due to snow (late November to late May) 

Additional information RELATED PASSES:

• Babusar Pass – Connects Kaghan with Chilas
• Shandur Pass – Connects Chitral with Gilgit
• Malakand Pass – Connects Mardan with Swat
• Khunjerab Pass – Connects Pakistan with China

Last Updated on 14-01-2026

Explanation

• Nanga Parbat is also locally known as Diamer.
• It is part of the Western Himalayas in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.
• The peak, meaning "Naked Mountain," stands at 8,126 m (26,660 ft).
• It is the 9th highest mountain globally.
• It is also called the "Killer Mountain."
• Nanga Parbat was first ascended on July 3, 1953.
• Shehroze Kashif recently became the youngest Pakistani to summit it.

Last Updated on 12-01-2026

Explanation

• Became separate province: 1 April 1936, capital Karachi
• Annexed to Bombay Presidency: 1843
• Part of Pakistan: 14 August 1947 – 14 October 1955, capital Hyderabad
• Separation demanded by: Muhammad Ali Jinnah in 1929 under Government of India Act 1935
• First Muslim League Government in Sindh: 1943

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

World Water Day is observed every year on 22 March.

Additional information:

• First Observed: 22 March 1993
• Organized by: United Nations (UN)
• Theme 2021: 'Valuing Water'
• Theme 2022: "Groundwater, making the invisible visible".
• Theme 2023: Accelerating Change
• Theme 2024: Leveraging Water for Peace
• Theme 2025: Glacier Preservation
• Theme 2026: Water and Gender: Where water flows, equality grows 

Explanation

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)

• Member Countries (8): Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka
• Founded: 8 December 1985
• Headquarters: Kathmandu, Nepal
• Official Language: English
• Purpose: Promote regional cooperation, economic growth, and cultural exchange among South Asian nations

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

• Length: Old – 1,046 km, New – 1,058 km (both accepted in MCQs)
• Divisions: Sindh Coast – 270 km, Makran Coast – 720 km
• Major Location: Most of the coastline is in Balochistan
• Geographical Areas: Gwadar, Lasbela, Karachi, Thatta Coast
• Borders: Thatta Coast from Korangi Creek to Sir Creek; Rann of Kutch from Badin to Tharparkar

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

A webpage address is called a URL,

URL: Uniform Resource Locator.

URL consists of five parts:

1. Scheme
2. Subdomain
3. Top-level domain
4. Second-level domain
5. Subdirectory

Last updated 18-02-2026