Explanation

Subuktigin was a Turkic slave who rose to power and founded the Ghaznavid Empire in the 10th century.

His military campaigns in present-day Afghanistan and India paved the way for future invasions, especially by his son Mahmud of Ghazni.

Explanation

·        Pakistan borders India 2100 KM long in the east.

Explanation

The African Union demands permanent representation on the UN Security Council to reflect Africa's global importance.

It also seeks fair and equitable representation in key UN decision-making bodies.

Explanation

The Arctic Summit faced geopolitical tensions, especially due to conflicts involving Russia and the West.

There was also no consensus on climate action, weakening the summit's goals and cooperation.

Explanation

The USA conducted military operations in the Red Sea to protect international shipping routes and counter threats, especially from Houthi rebels in Yemen.

These operations intensified during the regional tensions following the Gaza conflict.

Explanation

In response to the Gaza war, Morocco suspended diplomatic ties with Israel due to public pressure and humanitarian concerns.

Morocco had normalized relations with Israel in 2020 under the Abraham Accords but froze cooperation in 2023–2024 following the conflict.

Explanation

Europe reduced dependence on Russian energy by increasing use of renewables like wind and solar.

Some countries expanded or reopened nuclear energy sources.

LNG imports from the U.S., Qatar, and others also surged to meet energy demand.

Explanation

The 2025 Australian federal election was held on Saturday, 3 May 2025.

All 150 seats in the House of Representatives and 40 of 76 seats in the Senate were up for election.

The Albanese Labor government won a second term with a landslide victory.

The opposition Liberal–National Coalition, led by Peter Dutton, was defeated.

Explanation

The Rakhine region is the center of conflict involving the Rohingya Muslim minority and the Myanmar military.

This area has seen significant violence and humanitarian crises since 2012.

Explanation

Vision 2030 aims to diversify Saudi Arabia’s economy, opening doors for Pakistani workers and professionals.

It encourages foreign investment, including from and into Pakistan.

It strengthens bilateral ties through joint projects and strategic cooperation.