Explanation

• O⁻ (O Negative) is the universal donor blood group.
• It can be transfused to A, B, AB, and O blood groups.
• O⁻ blood lacks A, B, and Rh (D) antigens.

Additional information:

• Universal Recipient: AB⁺ (AB Positive)
• ABO Blood Groups: A, B, AB, O
• Rh Types: Positive (+) and Negative (−)
• Total Common Blood Groups: 8 (A⁺, A⁻, B⁺, B⁻, AB⁺, AB⁻, O⁺, O⁻)

Last verified on 14-07-2026

Explanation

• The police system was first established by Umar ibn al-Khattab.
• He was the second Caliph (634–644 CE).
• A proper system of law enforcement and public safety was organized.
• He also introduced the Hijri calendar.
• He established systems like Bait-ul-Mal (treasury) and judiciary.

Last verified on 30-04-2026

Explanation

• Bi’r Ruma was a famous well in Madina.
• It was known for its sweet and fresh water.
• The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ encouraged its purchase for public use.
• It was bought by Uthman ibn Affan (R.A).
• It became a charitable endowment (Waqf) for Muslims.

Last verified on 28-04-2026

Explanation

• Author: Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman
• English edition published: 1961
• Urdu edition published: 1967
• Nature of book: Autobiography / Memoirs
• Topic: Pakistan Movement and political struggle

Last verified on 18-01-2026

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