SPSC 25 YEARS PAST PAPERS 2001 TO 2026
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چار آپشن میں سے کسی ایک پر کلک کرنے سے جواب سرخ ہو جائے گا۔
- Own price elasticity is -1.3
- Goods X and Y are substitute to each other
- Goods X and Y are complements to each other
- Income Elasticity of X is -2
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Explanation
- Demand function shows relation of quantity with price and income.
- Own price coefficient (-1.3) follows law of demand.
- Cross-price coefficient (-1.8) is negative → goods are complements.
- Income coefficient (+2) → good is normal.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
- Serenity
- Laxity
- Active
- Bold
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Explanation
- Lethargy means سستی
- Laxity means سستی
Last verified on 24-04-2026
- Scarce
- Rare
- Pervasive
- Both A and B
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Explanation
Ubiquitous means ہر جگہ موجود
- Rare means عام یا شاذ و نادر ہی نہیں ملا
- Scarce means قلیل
Last verified on 24-04-2026
- $20
- $30
- $40
- $50
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Explanation
Marginal cost = derivative of C(Q) C(Q) = 2Q² + 10Q + 50
MC(Q) = dC/dQ = 4Q + 10
For the 5th unit, Q = 5:
MC = 4(5) + 10 = 20 + 10 = $30
Last verified on 24-04-2026
فریکشنل بے روزگاری اکثر کب ہوتی ہے؟
- The economy enters a recession
- People first enter the labour force
- People are discriminated against
- People lose a job because their skills are no longer needed
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Explanation
- Frictional unemployment is short-term and temporary.
- It occurs when people are between jobs or entering the workforce.
- It is a normal part of a healthy economy.
- It happens due to job search and transition time.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
اجتماعی طلب کا منحنی نیچے کی طرف کیوں ڈھلوان رکھتا ہے؟
- Wealth effect
- Interest rate effect
- Exchange rate effect
- All of these
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Explanation
- The Aggregate Demand (AD) curve slopes downward.
- This means when price level falls, demand increases.
It happens due to three main effects.
- Wealth Effect: Lower prices → higher real wealth → more consumption
- Interest Rate Effect: Lower prices → lower interest rates → more investment
- Exchange Rate Effect: Lower prices → exports increase → higher demand
Last verified on 24-04-2026
سال 2022-23 میں پاکستان کی معیشت کو سب سے بڑا چیلنج کیا درپیش تھا؟
- Low literacy rate
- Rising inflation
- Low employment
- Current account deficit
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Explanation
- In 2022–23, Pakistan faced severe economic instability.
- The biggest issue was rising inflation (high prices).
- Inflation reached multi-decade highs, affecting daily life.
- It reduced purchasing power of people.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
کلاسیکی معاشی نظریہ کے مطابق اگر زر کی مقدار کم ہو جائے تو کیا ہوگا؟
- Raise the price level and output in the economy
- Lower the price level and output in the economy
- Lower the price level in the economy
- Raise the price level and lower output in the economy
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Explanation
- According to Classical Theory, output is fixed at full employment level.
- Changes in money supply affect only price level, not output.
- Decrease in money supply leads to lower demand and falling prices.
- So, only price level decreases, output remains unchanged.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
کل آمدنی کس کے برابر ہوتی ہے؟
- Price times quantity
- Marginal revenue times marginal cost
- Profit per unit of output
- Total cost minus profit
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Explanation
- Total Revenue (TR) is the total income earned by a firm.
- It is calculated by multiplying price (P) and quantity (Q).
- Formula: TR = P × Q
- It shows total sales earnings of a firm.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
مندرجہ ذیل میں سے کون سا اولیگوپولی ماڈل مشترکہ منافع کو زیادہ سے زیادہ کرنے سے متعلق ہے؟
- Collusive model
- Bertrand model
- Cournot model
- Edgeworth model
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Explanation
- In oligopoly, few firms dominate the market.
- The collusive model involves firms cooperating with each other.
- They act like a monopoly to maximize joint profits.
- Firms may form cartels or agreements.
Last verified on 24-04-2026