Explanation

• A "white elephant" is something that is expensive to keep but has little or no practical use.
• It refers to a possession or project that costs a lot but provides little benefit.
• It often describes unprofitable buildings, projects, or assets.

Last verified on 18-07-2026

Explanation

• The major objective of the Aligarh Movement was to promote education among Muslims.

Additional information:

• Founder: Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
• Aligarh School Established: 1875
• Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental (M.A.O.) College Established: 1877
• Intermediate Classes Started: 1878
• B.A. Classes Started: 1881
• University Status: 1920 (Aligarh Muslim University)
• First Headmaster of M.A.O. School: Henry Siddons
• M.A.O. College inaugurated by: Lord Lytton (1877)

Last verified on 10-07-2026

Explanation

• Summative assessment is conducted at the end of a course, term, unit, or academic year to measure students' overall learning and achievement.
• It evaluates whether the learning objectives have been successfully achieved.

Common examples of summative assessments:

• Final examinations
• Board examinations
• End-of-term tests
• Final projects
• Annual assessments

Additional information:

• Diagnostic Assessment: In the beginning of learning → identifies prior knowledge, strengths, and weaknesses.
• Formative Assessment: In the middle/during learning → improves teaching and learning through feedback.

Last verified on 04-06-2026

Explanation

• The word Philosophy comes from Greek words “philo” (love) and “sophia” (wisdom).
• Therefore, its literal meaning is “Love of wisdom.”

Last verified on 03-06-2026

Explanation

• Private educational institutions were nationalized in Pakistan in 1972.
• This decision was taken under the National Education Policy 1972.
• The aim was to bring uniformity and control in education.
• Many schools, colleges, and institutions were taken under government control.

Last verified on 03-06-2026

Explanation

Article 25-A of the Constitution of Pakistan mandates the provision of free and compulsory education to all children from the age of five to sixteen years.

The obligation is defined by age, not by a specific class number like 3, 5, or 8, making it inclusive of all grades within that age bracket. 

 Last updated NA 12-04-2026

Explanation

A strategic plan is typically referred to as a long-term plan.

For the business growth and business long-term project execution plan

It outlines an organization's long-term goals and the strategies to achieve them, usually over several years.

Short-term plans, on the other hand, focus on more immediate goals and actions.

Explanation

Under the National Education Policy 1972, free education was recommended up to class 10.

It would be implemented in two phases, making education up to class 8 free in 1972 and up to class 10 in 1974

Explanation

The Open University (AIOU) was established in May 1974 under the Education Policy of 1972-80 to provide flexible learning opportunities.

It was created by an act of Parliament to help those unable to attend full-time studies due to work or other commitments.

Explanation