Explanation

• Nicolaus Copernicus is called the Father of Modern Astronomy.
• He introduced the heliocentric theory in 1543.
• This theory stated that the Sun is at the center of the solar system.
• His ideas changed the old belief that Earth is the center.

Additional information:

• Galileo Galilei, a later figure, is often called the "father of observational astronomy".

Last verified on 01-06-2026

Explanation

• Khyber Pass is a famous mountain pass in Pakistan.
• It connects Pakistan with Afghanistan.
• It connects Peshawar to Kabul.
• It is a historically important trade and invasion route.
• It lies in the Safed Koh mountain range.

Last verified on 16-05-2026

Explanation

• Hajj year: 10 A.H
• Gregorian date: March 6, 632 A.D
• Day of sermon: 9th Dhul-Hijjah (Friday)
• Event name: Hajjat-ul-Wida (Farewell Pilgrimage)
• Number of Hajj by Prophet SAW: 1 (only once)

Last verified on 01-04-2026

Explanation

• Article 19 of the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan guarantees freedom of speech and expression.
• It gives citizens the right to express opinions and share information.
• However, this freedom is subject to reasonable restrictions under law.
• The Constitution of Pakistan was enforced on 14 August 1973.

Additional information:

• The 1973 Constitution was framed under the leadership of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.
• Pakistan’s Constitution declares Islam as the state religion under Article 2.

Last verified on 13-05-2026

Explanation

• Sadaqat-ul-Fitr (Fitrana) is a compulsory charity in Islam.
• It is given before the Eid-ul-Fitr prayer.
• It was made obligatory to purify the fasts of Ramadan.
• It also helps poor people to celebrate Eid.
• It was proclaimed in the 2nd Hijri year.

Last verified on 11-05-2026

Explanation

• The Bosphorus Strait is a narrow natural waterway in Turkey.
• It connects the Black Sea with the Sea of Marmara.
• It is the forming part of the boundary between Europe and Asia.
• Strategically important for international shipping and naval routes.

Additional information:

• Length: ~30 km
• Width: 700 m – 3.7 km
• Maximum depth: ~110 m
• Number of bridges across: 3
• Number of tunnels (undersea): 2

Last verified on 12-03-2026

Explanation

Last verified on 30-04-2026

Explanation

• The first Jumuah prayer was performed by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) after Hijrah.
• It took place in the year 1 A.H during the migration to Madinah.
• The Prophet (PBUH) led the prayer at Banu Salim ibn Awf area.
• This was the first official Friday congregation in Islam.

Last verified on 25-04-2026

Explanation

Explanation

• Tipu Sultan, also known as the Tiger of Mysore.
• Fateh Ali was the real name of Tipu Sultan or Tiger of Mysore.
• He was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore based in South India.
• He was Born: on December 1, 1751, in Devanahalli, India.
• He was Died: on May 4, 1799, in Srirangapatna, India.
• He wrote a letter to France to help him against British Army rule in India. 
• The third battle of Mysore is also known as Tipu Sultan`s battle against the British.

Last verified on 01-04-2026