Explanation

Many soft drinks, especially colas, contain caffeine, a natural stimulant.

Caffeine helps to increase alertness and is added for flavor and stimulating effect.

Explanation

The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere, about 15–35 km above Earth’s surface.

It absorbs harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, protecting life on Earth.

Explanation

Water boils at 100 °C (at 1 atm pressure), and during boiling, the temperature stays constant.

The heat energy is used to convert water into steam rather than raising its temperature.

Explanation

Chlorine is a yellow-green poisonous gas at room temperature.

Thorium and Plutonium are solids.

Mercury is a liquid at room temperature.

Explanation

Democracy means جمہوریت

Autocracy means خودمختاری

Dictatorship means آمریت

Explanation

Pardon means معافی

Punish means سزا دینا

Explanation

Ethics is the study or theory of morality, just as jurisprudence is the study or theory of law.

The relationship is field of study : subject matter.

Explanation

“Black sheep” is an idiom for a person who behaves badly or is disapproved of in a family or group.

It implies someone who stands out negatively compared to others.

Explanation

Slump means اچانک کمی کے لئے ، اکثر معاشی لحاظ سے جیسے اسٹاک یا مارکیٹ کی قیمتوں میں

Fall in the price of stock means اسٹاک کی قیمت میں گر

Explanation

Promptly means فوری طور پر

At once means ایک بار میں