Explanation

• The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world.
• Location: Africa
• Length: Approximately 4,800 km (3,000 miles)
• Area: About 9.2 million km²

List of top deserts in the world:

Last verified on 10-05-2026

Explanation

• Niagara Falls are situated between the United States and Canada.
• They are located on the border between New York State (USA) and Ontario Province (Canada).
• Continent: North America
• Height: Approximately 51 meters (167 feet)

Number of Waterfalls: 3

1. Horseshoe Falls
2. American Falls
3. Bridal Veil Falls

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

• Largest country in Arabian Peninsula: Saudi Arabia
• It covers about 80% of the Arabian Peninsula.
• Area: 2,149,690 km² (2.15 million km²)
• Capital: Riyadh
• Currency: Saudi Riyal
• Official Language: Arabic

Additional information:

Arabian Peninsula Countries (7):

1. Saudi Arabia
2. Yemen
3. Oman
4. United Arab Emirates (UAE)
5. Kuwait
6. Qatar
7. Bahrain

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

• Inflation means a rise in prices and a fall in the value of money.
• It reduces the purchasing power of money over time.
• With inflation, the same amount of money buys fewer goods and services.

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

United Nations Climate Change Conference 2025

• Edition: 30th 
• Starting date: 10 Nov 2025
• Closing date: 21 Nov 2025
• Venue: Brazil

Additional Information: 

• COP29 was held in Baku, Azerbaijan in 2024.

Last verified on 10-05-2026

Explanation

• The Council of Common Interests is a constitutional body under Article 153 of the Constitution of Pakistan (1973).
• It resolves disputes related to power sharing between the federal government and provinces.
• Chairperson: Prime Minister of Pakistan
• Members: Chief Ministers of all provinces + federal ministers

Last verified on 10-05-2026

Explanation

• Article 19 of the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan guarantees freedom of speech and expression.
• It gives citizens the right to express opinions and share information.
• However, this freedom is subject to reasonable restrictions under law.
• The Constitution of Pakistan was enforced on 14 August 1973.

Additional information:

• The 1973 Constitution was framed under the leadership of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.
• Pakistan’s Constitution declares Islam as the state religion under Article 2.

Last verified on 13-05-2026

Explanation

• Hazrat Abu Ubaidah bin al-Jarrah (RA) was one of the Ashra Mubashra.
• He was given the title Ameen-ul-Ummat (Trustee of the Ummah).
• He was known for honesty, trustworthiness, and leadership.
• He played an important role in Islamic conquests in Syria.
• He was among the closest companions of the Prophet (PBUH).

Last verified on 28-04-2026

Explanation

• Battle of Yarmouk: Fought between the Byzantine Empire and Muslim forces under Khalid bin Waleed.
• Dates: August 15 to August 20, 636 AD.
• Location: Near the Yarmouk River.
• Caliphate: During the reign of Hazrat Umar (RA).
• Result: Decisive victory for the Muslims, marking the end of Byzantine rule in Syria.

Last verified on 12-06-2026

Explanation

Objectives Resolution (قراردادِ مقاصد)

• Adopted: 12 March 1949

• Adopting Body: Constituent Assembly of Pakistan

• Presented By: Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan

• Date of Presentation: 7 March 1949

Additional information:

• Total Members of Assembly: 75

• Members Supporting the Resolution: 21

• Minority Members: 10

• All amendments proposed by minority members were rejected.

• As a result, all 10 minority members voted against the resolution.

Last Updated on 12-01-2026