Explanation

• In Pakistan, most rivers originate from the Himalayan and Karakoram glaciers.
• The melting of glaciers provides a major source of river water.
• Seasonal temperature changes directly affect water flow in rivers.
• Climate change is affecting glacier size and water availability in Pakistan.

Last verified on 06-05-2026

Explanation

• Signed date: 19 September 1960
• Brokered by: World Bank

Pakistan got the Western Rivers:

1. Indus
2. Jhelum
3. Chenab

India got the Eastern Rivers:

1. Ravi
2. Beas
3. Sutlej

Signatories:

• Field Marshal Ayub Khan (Pakistan)
• Jawaharlal Nehru (India)

Place of signing: Karachi

Effective from: 1 April 1960 (implementation period)

Last verified on 04-05-2026

Explanation

• Pakistan’s water supply mainly depends on its river system.
• The Indus River System is the primary source of water for agriculture and daily use.
• It includes major rivers like Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, and Sutlej.

Last verified on 04-05-2026

Explanation

• Sir Creek is a tidal estuary (inlet channel of water).
• It is located on the border of India and Pakistan.
• Length is about 96 km (60 miles).
• It is part of the Indus River Delta system.
• It flows into the Arabian Sea.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• Blind dolphins are found in the Indus River.
• They are also called Indus River Dolphin or “Bhulan”.
• Scientifically described in 1853 by Richard Owen.
• Known for side-swimming behavior.
• It is one of the rare freshwater dolphin species.

Last verified on 02-05-2026