Explanation

• Device drivers are part of system software that allows the operating system to communicate with hardware devices.
• Examples: Printer driver, graphics card driver, keyboard driver.

Additional information:

• Application software: Programs for user tasks (e.g., MS Word, Excel)
• System software: Includes OS, device drivers, utility programs
• Device drivers are essential for hardware functionality and system stability

Last verified on 10-02-2026

Explanation

• A do-while loop executes its body at least once before checking the condition.
• It ensures that the loop runs at least one iteration, even if the condition is initially false.

Last verified on 10-02-2026

Explanation

• Cache memory acts as a buffer between the CPU (Central Processing Unit) and the main memory (RAM).
• It is a small, high-speed memory that stores frequently used data and instructions that the CPU is likely to need next.
• This allows the CPU to access the data and instructions it needs quickly, without having to wait for the slower main memory to respond.

Last verified on 10-02-2026

Explanation

• The Network layer of the OSI model is responsible for logical addressing (like IP addresses) and routing data between devices across networks.
• It ensures that data packets reach the correct destination.

Last verified on 10-02-2026

Explanation

• In programming, the return() statement in a function is used to send a single value back to the caller.
• Even if multiple values seem to be returned (like in a tuple), it is considered one object being returned.

Last verified on 10-02-2026