Explanation

Nelson Mandela International Day is an annual international day in honour of Nelson Mandela, celebrated each year on 18 July, Mandela's birthday.

The day was officially declared by the United Nations in November 2009, with the first UN Mandela Day held on 18 July 2010. 

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Explanation

United States of America (USA) celebrates its independence day annually on 4 July.  

The US got independence on 4 July 1776 from Britain. 

In 2026, the US celebrated its 250th independence day. 

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Explanation

• The People's Republic of China was founded on 1 October 1949.
• It was established after the victory of the Communist Party in the Chinese Civil War.
• Mao Zedong announced its foundation in Beijing.
• This marked the end of the Republic of China government on the mainland.
• Beijing was declared the capital of the new state.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• Iran officially became an Islamic Republic on 1 April 1979 after a national referendum.

Additional information:

• 16 January 1979 – Mohammad Reza Pahlavi left Iran.
• 1 February 1979 – Ruhollah Khomeini returned to Iran.
• 11 February 1979 – The monarchy officially ended.
• 1 April 1979 – Iran became an Islamic Republic.

Last verified on 21-04-2026

Explanation

World Sparrow Day is a day designated to raise awareness of the house sparrow and then other common birds to urban environments, and of threats to their populations, observed on 20 March.