Explanation

Observational learning is a process in which individuals learn by observing the behavior of others, known as models.

This type of learning does not require direct experience or reinforcement, as individuals can acquire new knowledge and skills simply by watching others.

It involves the cognitive processes of attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation.

By observing and imitating the behavior of a model, individuals can learn new behaviors, attitudes, and even emotional responses.

This form of learning is particularly influential during childhood and can greatly impact socialization and the development of various skills.

Explanation

Albert Bandura is the correct answer because he was a scientist who believed in observational learning.

This theory suggests that individuals can learn new behaviors by observing others.

Bandura's famous Bobo doll experiment demonstrated how children imitate aggressive behavior they observe in adults.

His work greatly contributed to the understanding of social learning and the role of observation in the acquisition of new behaviors.

Explanation

Observational learning refers to the process in which an individual's behavior is influenced by observing the behavior of others, known as models.

The correct answer states that the observer's behavior changes after viewing the behavior of a model.

This means that the observer is likely to imitate or adopt the behaviors they have witnessed in the model.

This process of learning through observation is a fundamental aspect of social learning theory.

Explanation

Observational learning refers to the process in which an individual's behavior is influenced by observing the behavior of others, known as models.

The correct answer states that the observer's behavior changes after viewing the behavior of a model.

This means that the observer is likely to imitate or adopt the behaviors they have witnessed in the model.

This process of learning through observation is a fundamental aspect of social learning theory.

Explanation

Observing real-life exposure to actual violence can lead to an increase in aggression.

This is because witnessing violence can desensitize individuals to aggressive behavior,

making them more likely to engage in aggressive actions themselves.

Additionally, exposure to violence can also serve as a model for aggressive behavior, as individuals may imitate what they see.

Explanation

Explanation

The James-Lange theory of emotion suggests that our emotions are a result of our physiological responses to stimuli.

However, this theory has been discredited because people who have experienced spinal cord injuries and therefore have limited physiological responses still experience emotions.

This suggests that physiological responses are not necessary for the experience of emotions, contradicting the James-Lange theory.

Explanation

Explanation

According to the text, people will nearly always voice their convictions if  one other person has done so.

متن کے مطابق، لوگ تقریباً ہمیشہ اپنے اعتقادات کا اظہار کریں گے اگر کسی دوسرے شخص نے ایسا کیا ہے۔

Explanation

According to the text, the most famous and controversial experiments of social psychology are Milgram's obedience experiments.