Explanation

• The main American issue with Ukraine concerns security and geopolitical alignment.
• The United States strongly supports Ukraine joining NATO as a defense against Russian aggression.

Additional information:

• NATO membership provides military support and collective defense for Ukraine.
• The issue is a central factor in US-Russia geopolitical tensions.

Last verified on 23-01-2026

Explanation

The Sykes-Picot Agreement was signed between Britain and France.

Created 3 January 1916

Presented: 23 November 1917 by the Russian Bolshevik government

Ratified 9–16 May 1916

Purpose:

Defining proposed spheres of influence and control in the Middle East should the Triple Entente succeed in defeating the Ottoman Empire

Explanation

The American War of Independence began in 1775 (specifically April 19, 1775, with the Battles of Lexington and Concord)

Ended in 1783.

The Declaration of Independence was adopted in 1776.

This makes it the earliest of the events listed. 

Explanation

The Arab Spring began in Tunisia on December 17, 2010, in Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia.

It was sparked by the self-immolation of Mohamed Bouazizi

His act was a protest against police harassment and economic hardship.

These protests eventually led to the ousting of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali on January 14, 2011.

Explanation

• The Paris Peace Agreement was signed in 1973 to end the Vietnam War.
• It aimed to establish peace and end U.S. military involvement in Vietnam.

Additional information:

• Agreement signed: 27 January 1973
• War involved mainly: North Vietnam, South Vietnam, USA
• Duration of Vietnam War: 1955–1975
• U.S. troops withdrawal began in 1973
• Fall of Saigon: 1975

Last verified on 19-01-2026

Explanation

The highest battlefield in the world is the Siachen Glacier

A military dispute between India and Pakistan began on April 13, 1984.

It has an average altitude of about 6,000 meters (20,000 feet).

It is also known as the Siachen Glacier conflict.

It is located in the Karakoram range in Kashmir.

Explanation

• Date of Incident: 1 May 1960
• Location: Sverdlovsk region, Soviet Union
• Pilot: Francis Gary Powers (captured by USSR)
• Plane Altitude: Approximately 70,000 feet (21,300 meters)
• Impact on US-Soviet Relations: Cancelled the Paris Summit of 1960

Additional information:

• Francis Gary Powers was later exchanged for Soviet spy Rudolf Abel in 1962.

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

The Ramsar Convention was adopted in the city of Ramsar, Iran, 

It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands.

Signed: 2 February 1971

Effective: 21 December 1975

Condition: Ratification by 7 states

Signatories 23

Parties: 172

Explanation

• China attacked India in 1962, starting the Sino-Indian War.
• It lasted from October 20 to November 20.
• The war was fought over the disputed Aksai Chin region.
• China was able to defeat the Indian forces and occupy the territory.

Last verified on 17-01-2026

Explanation

The First Battle of Panipat was fought in the year 1526

Between Babur (founder of the Mughal Empire), and Ibrahim Lodi (the Sultan of Delhi)

Won by: Babu

Additional Information

Second Battle of Panipat: November 5, 1556

Fought Between: Hemu Vs Akbar

Won by: Akbar

*

Third Battle of Panipat: 14 January 1761

Fought Between: Abdali Vs Marathas

Won by: Abdali