Explanation

Section 84 PPC exempts a person from criminal liability if, at the time of the act, they were of unsound mind and incapable of knowing its nature.

This is the defense of legal insanity under criminal law.

Explanation

Explanation

Section 295C of PPC (after the ruling in Ismail Qureshi vs Government of Pakistan, PLD 1991 FSC 10) prescribes mandatory death penalty for blasphemy against Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).

The Federal Shariat Court struck down the alternative punishment of life imprisonment, leaving death and fine as the penalty.

Explanation

Section 40 of the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 defines offence as: “a thing made punishable by this Code”.

It also includes “an act or omission punishable by any law for the time being in force in Pakistan”.

Explanation

Explanation

Under the Pakistan Penal Code (PPC), Tazir refers to discretionary punishment awarded by a judge for offences not specified under Qisas (retribution), Diyat (blood money), Arsh, or Daman.

It allows the court to determine the severity of punishment based on circumstances of the offence.

Explanation

Arsh is a fixed compensation for bodily injury under Islamic law.

The loss of a finger or toe requires payment of one-half of the full diyat as compensation.

Explanation

Section 10 defines man and woman.

The term “man” generally refers to a male human being without specifying a minimum age.

It is a generic term, so it includes all ages unless contextually restricted.

Explanation

Section 31 PPC 1860 defines the term “will” as any testamentary document.

It refers to a legal declaration by which a person expresses wishes regarding the distribution of property after death.

Explanation

Section 337-A(3) PPC states that Shajjah-e-Hashimah (a type of head injury) carries Arsh = 10% of Diyat.

Additionally, the offender may face up to 10 years imprisonment as Tazir.