Explanation

• Dawn newspaper was founded by Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
• It was established on 26 October 1941 in Delhi (British India).
• The main purpose was to support the Muslim League’s political voice.
• It later became a major English newspaper of Pakistan after independence.

Last verified on 03-05-2026

Explanation

• The Simla Deputation met the Viceroy of India on 1 October 1906.
• It was led by Sir Aga Khan III.
• The delegation consisted of about 35 members.
• First, the group met the Principal of Aligarh College (MAO College).
• The Principal arranged the meeting through Colonel Dunlop (Secretary to Viceroy), and then the delegation met Lord Minto.
• Since the meeting took place at Simla, it was called the Simla Deputation.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• The biggest development in the 1930s was the misrule of Congress ministries (1937–1939).
• Provinces ruled by Congress: 7 provinces (British India)
• It strengthened the belief in the Two-Nation Theory.
• Muslims felt their rights, culture, and identity were ignored under Congress rule.
• This increased political distance between Hindus and Muslims.
• Muslim League response: Day of Deliverance (1939)

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• The demand for separate electorate was raised by the All-India Muslim League in 1906.
• First legal acceptance came in the Indian Councils Act 1909.
• This act is also known as the Morley-Minto Reforms.
• It was implemented on 12 March 1909.

Additional information:

• Introduced separate electorate for Muslims.
• Increased the size of Central and Provincial Legislative Councils.
• Central Council had about 60 total members (approx. structure).
• Around 27 members were elected under the reformed system.
• Provided reserved representation for Muslims through separate voting.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• The demand for separate electorate was raised by the All-India Muslim League in 1906.
• First legal acceptance came in the Indian Councils Act 1909.
• This act is also known as the Morley-Minto Reforms.
• It was implemented on 12 March 1909.

Additional information:

• Introduced separate electorate for Muslims.
• Increased the size of Central and Provincial Legislative Councils.
• Central Council had about 60 total members (approx. structure).
• Around 27 members were elected under the reformed system.
• Provided reserved representation for Muslims through separate voting.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• Name: Subhas Chandra Bose (Netaji)
• Born: 23 January 1897 (Cuttack, India)
• Organization: Indian National Army (INA)

Famous slogans:

1. “Give me blood, and I shall give you freedom”
2. “Jai Hind”

Death: 1945 (plane crash in Taiwan – disputed)

Last verified on 01-05-2026

Explanation

• The Third Battle of Panipat was fought on 14 January 1761.
• It took place at Panipat (near Delhi, India).
• The battle was between the Maratha Empire and Ahmad Shah Durrani’s Afghan forces.
• The Marathas were led by Sadashivrao Bhau.
• The result was a decisive victory for Ahmad Shah Durrani.

Additional information:

• 1st Battle: 1526 (Babur vs Ibrahim Lodhi)
• 2nd Battle: 1556 (Akbar vs Hemu)

Last verified on 01-05-2026

Explanation

• The Cabinet Mission Plan 1946 was announced on 16 May 1946 from New Delhi.
• It arrived in India on 24 March 1946.
• The mission was sent by the British government to plan transfer of power.
• It was headed by Lord Pethick-Lawrence.
• Its members included Stafford Cripps and A.V. Alexander.

Last verified on 01-05-2026

Explanation

• Plan: 3rd June / Mountbatten Plan
• Year: 1947
• Provinces involved: Punjab, Bengal, Sindh
• Decision body: Provincial Assemblies
• Choice: India or Pakistan

Last verified on 01-05-2026

Explanation

• The 3rd June Plan 1947 is also called the Mountbatten Plan.
• It announced the partition of British India into India and Pakistan.
• Punjab and Bengal were to be divided under this plan.
• It was the final plan for independence.
• It led directly to the creation of Pakistan in August 1947.

Last verified on 01-05-2026