Explanation

• In a solid, the particles are closely packed and have a fixed position.
• But they still have some freedom to vibrate or oscillate in place, due to their thermal energy.

Explanation

The particles in a gas have the following characteristics:

• They move randomly, with no fixed pattern or direction
• They have unlimited space to move, as there are no boundaries or restrictions
• They move freely in any direction, without any obstacles or barriers
• They can travel long distances, as there are no constraints on their movement

Explanation

• In a gas, the particles have no regular pattern and have large empty spaces between them.
• The particles are widely spaced and are free to move in any direction, with no fixed position or arrangement.

Explanation

In a liquid, the particles are arranged in an irregular and less closely packed manner, with some freedom of movement.

Explanation

In a solid, the particles are arranged in a regular and closely packed manner, with a fixed position and shape.

Explanation

• Diffusion is the random movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, resulting in uniform distribution.
• In this case, the ink particles spread out and mix with the water particles, causing the color to disperse throughout the glass.

Explanation

• When you put a drop of ink into water, the molecules of ink are in random motion due to their kinetic energy.
• As they collide with the surrounding water molecules, they transfer their energy and momentum, causing the ink molecules to spread out and move throughout the glass.
• This process is known as diffusion.

Explanation

Heat energy is responsible for changing the state of matter.

Such as:

• Melting (solid to liquid).
• Freezing (liquid to solid).
• Evaporation (liquid to gas).
• Condensation (gas to liquid).

Explanation

• Cholera, diarrhea, and typhoid diseases are waterborne diseases caused by microbial pollutants.
• Such as bacteria (Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella Typhi), viruses, and protozoa (Entamoeba histolytica) that contaminate water sources.

Explanation

• Plastic bottles are not biodegradable.
• As they are made from synthetic materials that are resistant to decomposition.
• It can take hundreds or thousands of years to break down.