Explanation

• The Abbasid Caliphate shifted its capital from Kufa to Baghdad in 145 AH (762 CE).
• This decision was made by Caliph Al-Mansur.
• Baghdad was built as a new planned capital named Madinat al-Salam (City of Peace).
• Reason: Strategic, political, and administrative control

Last verified on 13-06-2026

Explanation

• The first caliph to establish a naval force in the Islamic empire was Uthman ibn Affan.
• Naval Commander: Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan (later Umayyad ruler)
• Purpose: Defense against Byzantine naval attacks
• Region: Eastern Mediterranean Sea

Last verified on 13-06-2026

Explanation

• The first migration of Muslims was to Abyssinia (Habsha) in 613–614 CE to escape persecution in Makkah.
• First migration: 6 BH (Before Hijrah)
• It was advised by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ for protection and safety.
• This event is known as Hijrah il-al-Habshah.
• Ruler: King Negus (Najashi)
• Group: About 12 men and 4 women (first batch)
• Among the migrants were Uthman ibn Affan and Ruqayyah (RA), daughter of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.

Last verified on 13-06-2026

Explanation

• Muawiya I (RA) became the first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate.
• He assumed power after the period of Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA).
• Umayyad rule: 661 – 750 AD
• First Caliph: Muawiya I (661–680 AD)
• Last Caliph: Marwan II (744–750 AD)
• Birth: 602 AD (Mecca)
• Death: 680 AD (Damascus

Last verified on 27-04-2026

Explanation

• Misaq-e-Madina is the first written constitution/treaty in Islamic history.
• It was made by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ in 622 CE (Hijrah year) in Madina.
• It established peace between Muslims, Jews, and other tribes.
• It is considered the first organized Islamic state agreement.

Last verified on 18-05-2026

Explanation

• The first formal treaty of Muhammad (PBUH) with a non-Muslim community was made in Madinah.
• This agreement is known as the Charter of Madinah (Mithaq-e-Madinah).
• It was made after the Hijrah (622 CE) of Muslims to Madinah.
• It established peace and cooperation between Muslims and non-Muslim tribes.

Last verified on 17-06-2026

Explanation

• Translator: Marmaduke Pickthall
• Language: English
• Publication Year: 1930
• Book Title: The Meaning of the Glorious Qur’an
• Religion: Islam (convert from Christianity)

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• Masjid-e-Quba is the first mosque in the history of Islam.
• It is built after Prophet Muhammad (SAW) arrived in Madina.

Additional information:

• Masjid-ul-Haram is the first mosque on the surface of the earth.
• Masjid-ul-Aqsa, built by Prophet Salaiman (AS), was the first mosque constructed on the surface of the earth.

Last verified on 11-05-2026

Explanation

• The Holy Quran was first translated in the subcontinent into Persian by Shah Waliullah Dehlavi in 1738.

Last verified on 16-05-2026

Explanation

• The Battle of Badr is the first battle of Islam
• On 17 Ramadan, 2 AH (March 13, 624 CE)
• "Badr" means "full moon" in Arabic.
• Also called Furqan and The Day of the Criterion.
• Took place in the valley of Badr, located in the Hejazi region
• Muslims: Approx. 313 men (82 Muhajirun and 231 Ansar).
• Quraysh: Approx. 1000 soldiers led by Abu Jahl.
• 82-85 Muhajirun and 231 Ansar (61 from Aws and 170 from Khazraj).
• 2 horses and 70 camels.
• Fourteen Muslims were killed, while 70 Kufar were killed and 70 captured.

Last updated question by NA 22-April-2026