Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

• Germ Theory of Disease states that microorganisms (germs) cause diseases.
• Proposed by Louis Pasteur (1822–1895), a French scientist.
• This theory revolutionized medicine, leading to vaccines and sterilization methods.

Additional information:

• Robert Koch later developed techniques to identify specific germs for specific diseases.

Last verified on 29-01-2026

Explanation

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder where the body cannot properly regulate blood glucose.

It occurs due to insufficient insulin production or poor insulin response.

High blood sugar over time can damage organs like the heart, kidneys, and eyes.

Symptoms include frequent urination, excessive thirst, and unexplained weight loss.

Explanation

Red-green color blindness is the most common type of color vision deficiency.

It affects the ability to distinguish between red and green colors.

It is sex-linked, occurring mostly in males due to inheritance on the X chromosome.

There are two main types: protanopia (red deficiency) and deuteranopia (green deficiency).

Explanation

An epidemic is a disease that spreads rapidly across a large number of people in a region or community.

Examples include influenza outbreaks or cholera outbreaks.

Endemic refers to a disease that is constantly present in a particular area.

Explanation

H5N1 is a type of influenza virus

Causes a highly infectious

Also known as avian influenza.

Occurs mainly in birds, is highly contagious among birds, and can be deadly, especially in domestic poultry

Explanation

Diphtheria primarily affects the nose, throat, and tonsils,

Forming a thick gray coating (pseudomembrane) that blocks airways

Tonsils & Larynx (Voice Box): These areas are also commonly affected. 

Explanation

• Nature of Disease: Chronic and progressive
• Main Causes: Hepatitis B & C, alcohol abuse, fatty liver disease
• Effect: Scarring (fibrosis) reduces liver efficiency