Explanation

• DOS stands for Disk Operating System.
• It is an early type of computer operating system used to manage files and programs.
• It works through text-based commands (command line).
• A famous example is MS-DOS used in early PCs. 
• Dennis Ritchie is the father of MS-DOS.
• It was developed in 1982.

Last verified on 19-04-2026

Explanation

• Russia is the largest country in the world by area.
• Total area ≈ 17,098,242 km².
• Covers about 11% of Earth’s land surface.
• Lies in both Europe and Asia (Eurasia).
• Has 11 time zones, the most in the world.
• Population Rank: 9th in the world

Additional information:

Top 5 Most Populous Countries in Asia (2026):

1. India: ~1.46 billion
2. China: ~1.42 billion
3. Indonesia: ~272–285 million
4. Pakistan: ~240–251 million
5. Bangladesh: ~174 million

Last verified on 13-04-2026

Explanation

• Ahsan Iqbal became planning and development minister on 11 March 2024.
• Party name: PML-N
• Replaced: Sami Saeed (caretaker)

Last updated on 08-04-2026

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Explanation

• Air Marshal Mohammad Asghar Khan first native Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Air Force
• Serving from 1957 to 1965.
• Known as the "Father of the Pakistan Air Force,"
•  Born in Jammu & Kashmir in 1921
•  He passed away on January 5, 2018

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Frank Meseri was the first C-in-C of the Pak Army

Paery Cane was the first C-in-C of the Pakistan Air Force

Gefford James was the first C-in-C of the Pakistan Navy

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General Takka Khan was the first Chief of Staff of the Pak Army

Zafar Ahmed Chaudhry was the first Chief of Air Staff of the Air Force

Hasan Hafeez Ahmed was the first Chief of Naval Staff

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ND2-12-2022

Explanation

• Pakistan became an "Islamic Republic" in its 1956 constitution.
• This constitution was the first to declare Pakistan as an Islamic Republic.
• It is reflecting the country's identity as a democratic state founded on the principles of Islam.

Additional information:

• The constitution was adopted on March 23, 1956.
• The 1956 Constitution was abrogated in 1958.
• When President Iskander Mirza imposed martial law and declared himself the Chief Martial Law Administrator.

Last verified on 23-03-2026

Explanation

Explanation

• Rakat: 2
• Specials: No Adhan or Iqamah; Quran recited aloud in both rakats.
• Meaning: Istisqa = seeking water from Allah.

• Namaz-e-Khusuf (نماز خسوف): Offered during a lunar eclipse.
• Namaz-e-Kusoof (نماز کسوف): Offered during a solar eclipse.

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

• Masjid al-Khayf is located in Mina, near Makkah.
• The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) offered prayers here and delivered a sermon during Hajjat al-Wada (10 AH).
• In this mosque almost 70 Prophets are buried.

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

• South Africa is known as the “Rainbow Nation.”
• The term was popularized by Desmond Tutu.
• It reflects the country’s diverse cultures, languages, and races.
• Became famous after the end of apartheid (1994).

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

• Claustrophobia is the fear of enclosed or confined spaces.
• It is classified as an anxiety disorder.
• People with claustrophobia may panic in elevators, small rooms, or windowless spaces.
• Symptoms include shortness of breath, sweating, rapid heartbeat, and anxiety.

Last verified on 02-04-2026