Explanation

Heat from the Sun reaches Earth through radiation

It is the transfer of energy via electromagnetic waves (like infrared, visible light, UV) 

Sunlight takes an average of 8 minutes and 20 seconds to travel from the Sun to the Earth.

Explanation

QUESTION UPDATED 14 Januray 2026

Explanation

Explanation

The current Ambassador of Pakistan to Afghanistan is Obaid ur Rehman Nizamani.

Appointed in May 2025

LAST UPDATED 13-JANUARY-2026

Explanation

de facto means "in practice" or "in fact," describing a situation that exists in reality

De facto: حقیقت میں

Explanation

A Shadow Cabinet is formed by the opposition party in the parliament.

Shadow Cabinet members are often called “Shadow Ministers”.

Additional information:

• Members: Usually senior MPs of the opposition
• Function: Policy scrutiny and alternatives
• Country of Origin: United Kingdom (Westminster system)

Last Verified on 13-01-2026

Explanation

China claims part of the Indian province of Arunachal Pradesh, which it calls “South Tibet”.

Additional information:

• Area Claimed by China: ~90,000 sq km
• Borders: Shares boundary with China (Tibet) and Bhutan
• War: Sino-Indian War in 1962
• Capital of Arunachal Pradesh: Itanagar
• Total Indian States with Border Disputes: 4 (Arunachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Ladakh)

Last Verified on 13-01-2026

Explanation

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) was created in 1944 after the Bretton Woods Conference.

Additional information:

• Founded: 22 July 1944
• Headquarters: Washington, D.C., USA
• Members: 191 countries
• Purpose: Financial stability, economic growth, and balance of payments support
• First Managing Director: Camille Gutt

Last Verified on 13-01-2026

Explanation

• Signed On: 28 June 1919
• Parties Involved: Allied Powers vs Germany
• Purpose: To establish peace and codify terms after World War I
• Key Fact: Primary treaty from the Paris Peace Conference
• Region Affected: Europe

• Imposed war guilt on Germany (Article 231)
• Enforced reparations and military restrictions on Germany
• Laid foundations that later influenced World War II

Last Verified on 13-01-2026

Explanation

The Article 3 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) relates to Health.

It focuses on ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages.

Here is a brief list of the 17 SDGs:

1. No Poverty
2. Zero Hunger
3. Good Health and Well-being
4. Quality Education
5. Gender Equality
6. Clean Water and Sanitation
7. Affordable and Clean Energy
8. Decent Work and Economic Growth
9. Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
10. Reduced Inequalities
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities
12. Responsible Consumption and Production
13. Climate Action
14. Life Below Water
15. Life on Land
16. Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions
17. Partnerships for the Goals

Last Verified on 13-01-2026