Explanation

• Main Cultural Center: Taxila
• Location: Peshawar Valley, near present-day Islamabad, Pakistan
• Time Period: 6th century BCE – 5th century CE
• Purpose: Education, trade, and religious spread (Buddhism)
• Connected Regions: South Asia, Central Asia, Middle East

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• District: Gurdaspur
• Population (1941 Census): Approx. 51% Muslim majority
• Year of Partition: 1947
• Purpose: Provided India with access to Kashmir
• Adjacent districts: Amritsar, Pathankot, Lahore (nearby in Punjab region)

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah declared that the accession of Kashmir with India was illegal and fraudulent.
• He raised the issue in 1947, soon after independence, demanding that Kashmir be part of Pakistan.
• This statement was part of Pakistan’s diplomatic and political stance on the Kashmir dispute.

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Date of Ordinance: 15 June 2022
• Issue: Speaker’s powers limited by ordinance
• Issued by: Governor Balighur Rehman
• Affected body: Punjab Provincial Assembly

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

Moin Ahmed Qureshi

• Date Appointed: 18 July 1993
• Tenure Ended: 19 October 1993
• Duration: ~3 months (caretaker government)
• Previous Position: Senior Vice President, World Bank

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

First Governor: Sir Francis Mudie (15 Aug 1947 – 2 Aug 1949)

Additional information:

• West Punjab Province Duration: 15 August 1947 – 14 October 1955
  • Capital: Lahore
  • Divisions: Lahore, Sargodha, Multan, Rawalpindi

Subsequent Governors:

• • Sardar Abdur Rab Nishtar (2 Aug 1949 – 24 Nov 1951)
  • Ismail Ibrahim Chundrigar (24 Nov 1951 – 2 May 1953)
  • Mian Aminuddin (2 May 1953 – 24 Jun 1954)
  • Habib Ibrahim Rahmatullah (26 Sep 1954 – 26 Nov 1954)
  • Mushtaq Ahmad Gurmani (27 Nov 1954 – 14 Oct 1955)

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari: 8th President of Pakistan
• Presidency period: 14 Nov 1993 – 2 Dec 1997
• Birth: 29 May 1940
• Death: 20 Oct 2010 (aged 70)
• Political party: Pakistan Muslim League (Q) 2002–2010

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Full Name: Zulifqar Ali Bhutto
• Position: First Civilian Chief Martial Law Administrator & First Civilian President
• Date of Appointment: 20 December 1971 (after Yahya Khan resigned)
• Political Party: Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP)

Additional information:

• Iskandar Ali Mirza: First President of Pakistan; abrogated 1956 Constitution on 7 October 1958
• Ayub Khan: Made Chief Martial Law Administrator after 1958 abrogation
• Feroz Khan Noon: Prime Minister at the time of first martial law in Pakistan (1958)

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

Akbarnama was written by Abul Fazl.

It is the official chronicle of Emperor Akbar’s reign (1556–1605).

Additional information:

• Born: 1551, Agra, India
• Died: 1602, Patna, India
• Position: Court historian and vizier of Akbar

Famous Work: Akbarnama (Three volumes)

1. Volume 1: Akbar’s ancestry and early life
2. Volume 2: Administrative and political history
3. Volume 3: Fatawa-e-Alamgiri / Akbar’s achievements

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Full Name: Hamza Shahbaz
• Order: 19th (17th) Chief Minister of Punjab
• Position: Chief Minister of Punjab
• Tenure: 30 April 2022 – 26 July 2022 (≈ 3 months)
• Administered By: National Assembly Speaker / Legal authority (as per court orders)
• Political Party: Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz)

Last verified on 18-01-2026