Explanation

• Japan's monarchy is the oldest surviving monarchy in the world.
• It was founded in 660 BCE, by Emperor Jimmu.
• The official records of royal succession date back to Emperor Ōjin's reign in the 4th century.
• However, they have recognized 125 monarchs till now.

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

• The Gandhara civilization was located in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
• It is particularly in the region around Taxila and Peshawar.
• It was a major center of Buddhist culture.
• It is art from around the 6th century BCE to the 11th century CE.

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

The first Noble Prize to be awarded to a South Asian was awarded to Rabindranath Tagore.

Explanation

World Bank

• Established: Bretton Woods Conference, 1944
• Headquarters: Washington, D.C., USA
• Members: 189 countries
• Purpose / Aim: Provide loans and grants for development projects

Partner Institutions (5):

1. IBRO (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development)
2. IDA (International Development Association)
3. IFC (International Finance Corporation)
4. MIGA (Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency)
5. ICSID (International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes)

Pakistan Joined: 1950

Publications: Human Capital Index, World Development Report

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

International Day of Forests is observed on 21st day of March.

The International Day of Forests was established on the 21st day of March.

Established by United Nations General Assembly (UNGA)

        Theme 2025: Forests and Foods

         Theme 2026: Forest and economies 

Explanation

Explanation

World Water Day is observed every year on 22 March.

Additional information:

• First Observed: 22 March 1993
• Organized by: United Nations (UN)
• Theme 2021: 'Valuing Water'
• Theme 2022: "Groundwater, making the invisible visible".
• Theme 2023: Accelerating Change
• Theme 2024: Leveraging Water for Peace
• Theme 2025: Glacier Preservation
• Theme 2026: Water and Gender: Where water flows, equality grows 

Explanation

• The Deosai National Park is located in Gilgit Baltistan (GB).
• It was established in 1993.
• 'Deosai' means 'the land of giants'.
• It is the second-highest plateau in the world.
• It has an average elevation of 4,114 meters (13,497 ft) above sea level.

Last verified on 16-03-2026

Explanation

• LED (Light Emitting Diode) is a semiconductor device that emits light when electric current passes through it.
• It is widely used in lighting, displays, electronic indicators, and screens.

Additional information:

• Energy efficiency: Up to 90% more efficient than traditional bulbs
  First discovery: H. J. Round – 1907
  Early research: Oleg Losev – 1927
  Practical LED development: James R. Biard – 1961
  First commercial production: October 1962 (Nick Holonyak)

Last verified on 12-03-2026

Explanation