Explanation

• Under Pakistan’s Public Procurement Rules, 2004, bidders submit separate sealed technical and financial proposals in one submission.
• The technical proposals are opened and evaluated first to determine whether bidders meet the required criteria.
• Financial proposals of only technically responsive bidders are opened afterward, while the financial proposals of technically non-responsive bidders remain unopened and are returned as prescribed by the rules.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• Allowances are additional payments made to government employees for specific purposes, such as house rent, conveyance, or medical expenses.
• Some allowances compensate employees for special duties, hardship, or particular conditions of service.
• Allowances are governed by applicable government rules and do not permanently replace the employee’s basic salary.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• Public money must be spent prudently, economically, and only for authorized government purposes.
• Government officers should exercise the same care when spending public funds as a reasonable person would exercise when spending their own money.
• Expenditure must follow approved budgets, financial rules, and proper authorization.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• A PAO may delegate specific duties and responsibilities to subordinate officers in accordance with the applicable financial rules.
• Delegation of duties does not transfer the PAO’s overall accountability for the department’s financial management and accounts.
• The PAO remains responsible for ensuring proper financial controls, accurate accounts, and compliance with government rules.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• The Establishment Division is responsible for the posting of the CFAO in consultation with the Auditor-General of Pakistan.
• The CFAO performs financial and accounting functions within the assigned government department or organization.
• The Auditor-General of Pakistan oversees public-sector auditing.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• Under Article 90 of the Constitution of Pakistan, the Federal Government consists of the Prime Minister and Federal Ministers, and the executive authority of the Federation is exercised in the name of the President.
• The President is the constitutional head of state.

Additional information:

• The Prime Minister is the chief executive who runs the government.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• Under Section 6(3)(b) of the Civil Servants Act, 1973, a civil servant appointed on probation through promotion who fails the prescribed examination or training within the original or extended probation period is reverted to the post from which they were promoted.
• If no previous post exists against which the civil servant holds a lien, they may be discharged from service.
• Failure does not result in automatic confirmation or permanent dismissal.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• Section 9(2)(a) of the Civil Servants Act, 1973, states that promotion to a selection post is based on merit.
• For a non-selection post, promotion is based on seniority-cum-fitness.
• Merit means assessing a civil servant’s suitability and performance for the higher post, subject to the applicable rules.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• Section 6(3)(a) of the Civil Servants Act, 1973, provides that a person appointed through initial recruitment shall be discharged if they fail the prescribed examination or training before the end of the original or extended probation period, unless otherwise prescribed.
• A civil servant appointed through promotion or transfer may instead be reverted to the previous post, subject to the Act.
• Successful completion of the required training and examinations is an important condition for satisfactory completion of probation.

Last verified on 24-10-2026

Explanation

• Under Section 2 of the Civil Servants Act, 1973, confirmation means the confirmation of a civil servant in a permanent post.
• A permanent post is a post sanctioned without a time limit, whereas a temporary post is sanctioned for a limited period or specific purpose.
• Confirmation is subject to the applicable service rules and fulfillment of the required conditions.

Last verified on 24-10-2026