Explanation

Miraj Begum and Aftab Iqbal were the children from Allama Iqbal’s first marriage with Karim Bibi.

First Marriage (Karim Bibi) Child:

1. Miraj Begum (1895–1915)
2. Aftab Iqbal (1899–1979)

Second Marriage (Mukhtar Begum, 1914)

Child:

1. One son (name not clearly documented in most sources)

Note: Both the son and Mukhtar Begum died shortly after childbirth in 1924.

Third Marriage (Sardar Begum) Child:

1. Javed Iqbal (Senior Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan)
2. Muneera Bano

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• Payam-i Mashriq by Allama Iqbal was written as a response to Goethe’s “West-östlicher Divan”.
• It was published in 1923.
• The book presents a dialogue between Eastern and Western thought.
• Iqbal aimed to highlight the value of Islamic and Eastern philosophy.
• It promotes spiritual awakening and selfhood (Khudi).

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• The slogan “Pakistan ka matlab kya? La ilaha illallah” became popular during Direct Action Day.
• Date: 16 August 1946
• Leader: All India Muslim League
• Purpose: Demand for Pakistan
• Impact: Increased communal tensions and political pressure

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• Liaquat joined the All-India Muslim League in 1923.
• He was elected to the Legislative Council in 1926.
• He was assassinated on October 16, 1951, in Rawalpindi.
• The Place of burial: Mazar-e-Quaid, Jinnah's Mausoleum, Karachi.
• He was the first PM of Pakistan (1947-51).
• He was Born on October 1, 1895, Karnal, India.

Additional information:

• Quaid-e-Azam joined the Muslim League in 1913.
• Allama Iqbal joined the Muslim League in 1922.
• Fatima Jinnah joined the Muslim League in 1939.

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• Shah Alam II was the Mughal emperor associated with the defeat at the Battle of Buxar (1764) through allied forces.
• The battle was fought between the British East India Company and the combined forces of Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daulah, and Shah Alam II.
• It resulted in a decisive British victory.
• This defeat gave the British control over Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa revenue rights.

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• Emperor: Alamgir II (1754–1759)
• Battle: Plassey (1757)
• Key players: Siraj-ud-Daulah vs British East India Company
• Region: Bengal
• Result: British victory

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• The Battle of Khanwa (1527) was fought between Babur and Rana Sanga.
• It took place near Fatehpur Sikri (Rajasthan, India).
• Babur defeated Rana Sanga and strengthened Mughal rule in India.
• This battle confirmed Mughal power after the First Battle of Panipat (1526).

Last verified on 16-05-2026

Explanation

• Emperor: Farrukhsiyar
• Year: 1717 AD
• Issued to: East India Company
• Region: Bengal (and other Mughal provinces)
• Key benefit: Trade rights + tax concessions

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• The Zabt system introduced by Emperor Akbar was based on measurement of land, crop classification, and average produce.
• It was developed by Raja Todar Mal, Akbar’s finance minister.
• Revenue type: Cash or kind (later mostly cash)
• System name: Dahsala System (10-year average system)

Last verified on 15-06-2026

Explanation

• Emperor: Muhammad Shah (1719–1748)
• Nadir Shah invasion: 1739 (Battle of Karnal)
• Ahmad Shah Abdali invasions: 1748 onward (multiple attacks)
• Capital affected: Delhi
• Impact: Start of Mughal decline

Last verified on 15-06-2026