Explanation

A surface gauge is used to mark and lay out lines on workpieces with high accuracy.

It helps in checking parallelism and transferring measurements from a reference surface.

Surface gauges are commonly used along with a surface plate for precision marking work.

Explanation

Gases have poor absorptivity, meaning they absorb very little radiant heat.

Most gases are nearly transparent to radiation, so absorption is minimal.

Because of poor absorptivity, gases also have low emissivity, but high transmissivity.

Explanation

A nozzle converts the pressure energy of steam into kinetic energy, increasing its speed.

As steam passes through the nozzle, its pressure drops while velocity increases.

This high-velocity steam is used to drive turbine blades efficiently.

Explanation

The triple point of water is the unique temperature and pressure at which water coexists in all three phases — solid, liquid, and gas — in equilibrium.

Temperature: 273.16 Kelvin

This is used as a fundamental fixed point in defining the Kelvin temperature scale.

Explanation

Brazing works best on copper because it has excellent thermal conductivity and wets well with filler metals.

Copper does not form a difficult oxide layer during brazing, ensuring a strong joint.

Copper and its alloys are most commonly brazed materials in plumbing and electrical work.

Explanation

In synthetic sand, water acts as the binder when mixed with silica sand and clay.

It helps provide plasticity and strength to the mould.

The amount of water must be carefully controlled to avoid defects in casting.

Explanation

The largest university in Pakistan is Punjab University.

It was established in 1882.

It is the oldest higher learning institution in the country.

The University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (UAF) is the largest in terms of area, with a campus spanning 2,550 acres. 

Explanation

Barani land refers to agricultural land in Pakistan that is entirely dependent on rainfall for cultivation.

It is common in arid and semi-arid regions where irrigation facilities are limited.

Crop yields on Barani land vary greatly depending on seasonal rainfall.

Explanation

Under the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960, the waters of the six main rivers of the Indus Basin were divided between India and Pakistan:

Western Rivers (Pakistan's Share): The treaty assigned the Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab to Pakistan for unrestricted use (with limited exceptions for India for power generation and irrigation).

Eastern Rivers (India's Share): The Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi were assigned to India for exclusive use.

Explanation

• Farooq Haider was known as the creator of the fictional puppet character Uncle Sargam introduced in 1976 in children's television show Kaliyan.
• Farooq was also a cartoonist, newspaper columnist and wrote for the newspaper Daily Nai Baat in Lahore and under the pen name "Meethay Karelay" (English: "Sweet Bitter gourd").