Explanation

The speed of sound in a gas is given by:

v = √(γP/ρ)  

Where:  

- γ = adiabatic index (constant)  

- P = pressure  

- ρ = density  

If pressure increases, density also increases proportionally (since gases are compressible), so P/ρ remains constant. 

Explanation

We use the wave equation:

λ = v × T  

Where:  

- λ = wavelength  

- v = velocity  

- T = time period  

Explanation

Free oscillations are always produced by a combination of a restoring force and inertia acting on a displaced system,

With the system oscillating at its natural frequency after the initial disturbance,

With no external driving force or energy input from the surroundings. 

Explanation

Ants and bees contain formic acid in their sting, which causes pain and irritation.

While vinegar is a common home remedy for stings, this is due to its acetic acid content,

Which can neutralize the venom's effects by changing the venom's pH

Rather than being a component of the venom itself.

NaCl (common table salt) is not a component of either ant or bee stings. 

Explanation

A single displacement reaction is a type of chemical reaction where one element displaces another in a compound.

This displacement always involves a change in oxidation states,

Meaning one element is oxidized (loses electrons) while the other is reduced (gains electrons).

Therefore, a single displacement reaction is always a redox reaction. 

Explanation

When heated, lead nitrate decomposes into lead monoxide and nitrogen dioxide,

The red-brown gas is nitrogen dioxide, a product of decomposition. 

A decomposition reaction is a chemical reaction where a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler compounds.

In this case, lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) breaks down into lead monoxide (PbO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) when heated. 

Explanation

The state of matter with the minimum space between particles is a solid. 

In a solid, the particles are tightly packed together with very little space between them,

Resulting in strong intermolecular forces and a definite shape.

Liquids have more space between particles than solids, and gases have the most space with the particles moving freely at high speeds. 

Explanation

The rate of diffusion is fastest in gases, compared to liquids and solids. 

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

In gases, the particles are very far apart and move with high kinetic energy,

Allowing them to move freely and quickly, resulting in the fastest rate of diffusion.

Liquids have particles closer together than gases, but still more freedom of movement than solids.

Solids have particles tightly packed together with strong intermolecular forces, restricting their movement and making diffusion very slow. 

Explanation

An α-particle is a helium nucleus. 

An alpha particle is composed of two protons and two neutrons,

It is the same composition as a helium nucleus,

Making it essentially a helium nucleus without its electrons

Explanation

In the equation f=ma, if the force (f) and mass (m) are constant, the acceleration (a) will also be constant.

This is because acceleration is directly proportional to force and inversely proportional to mass, according to physics websites.