Explanation

A femtometer (fm) is a unit of length used in nuclear physics to measure very small distances, like the size of atomic nuclei.

- 1 femtometer = 10⁻¹⁵ meters

This means a femtometer is one quadrillionth (one millionth of a billionth) of a meter.

Explanation

Portland cement is mainly made from calcium oxide (CaO), which is obtained by heating limestone.

It acts as the binder in concrete.

Explanation

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is mostly methane (CH4), a clean-burning fuel used in vehicles and domestic heating.

Explanation

Petroleum is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons.

It is separated into various useful fractions like gasoline, diesel, kerosene, etc., by fractional distillation, which separates components based on their boiling points.

Explanation

The Haber process is a chemical reaction that combines nitrogen and hydrogen to create ammonia. 

Explanation

The Solvay process is primarily used for the industrial manufacture of sodium carbonate, also known as soda ash

This process, developed by Ernest Solvay, utilizes ammonia and brine (a solution of sodium chloride) to produce sodium carbonate. 

Explanation

The electrolysis of brine (a concentrated solution of sodium chloride) produces hydrogen gas, chlorine gas, and sodium hydroxide solution. 

Explanation

The SI unit of Planck's constant is the joule second (J⋅s)

The value of Planck's constant is 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ Js.

This constant is fundamental in quantum mechanics.

It relates the energy of a photon to its frequency.

Explanation

Water treatment commonly uses filtration, sedimentation, chlorination, and distillation; all of these methods are part of the water treatment process. 

Filtration:

This process removes solid particles from water by passing it through a filter. 

Sedimentation:

This involves allowing heavier particles to settle to the bottom of a tank due to gravity. 

Chlorination:

This is the addition of chlorine to water to kill harmful bacteria and other microorganisms. 

Distillation:

This method purifies water by boiling it and then condensing the steam to remove impurities

Explanation

Methane is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH4 (one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms).

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