Explanation

Water is crucial for vital biological processes like digestion, circulation, and temperature regulation.

It also acts as a solvent, transporting nutrients and waste in living organisms.

Explanation

The nucleus is the dense center of an atom, containing protons (positively charged) and neutrons (neutral).

Electrons orbit around the nucleus in electron shells.

Explanation

Filtration is used to separate an insoluble solid (like sand) from a liquid (like water).

The sand stays on the filter paper, while the water passes through.

Explanation

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a major greenhouse gas that helps trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.

It plays a key role in maintaining Earth’s temperature but excess CO₂ leads to global warming.

Explanation

The greenhouse effect occurs when gases like CO₂ and methane trap heat from the sun in the Earth's atmosphere.

This trapped heat keeps the planet warm enough to support life but contributes to global warming when intensified.

Explanation

A glacier is a large, slow-moving river of ice formed from compacted layers of snow.

It moves due to gravity and pressure.

It is commonly found in polar and mountainous regions.

Explanation

Deserts form mainly due to very low or no rainfall over long periods.

This leads to dry, arid conditions with sparse vegetation.

Explanation

Genghis Khan founded and led the Mongol Empire in the early 13th and 14th centuries.

It was the largest contiguous land empire in history.

Founded: 1206

Date dissolved: 1368

Explanation

The Senate is the upper house of Pakistan’s Parliament.

It ensures equal representation of all provinces and participates in law-making.

Pakistan has three branches of government:

1. The Legislative Branch makes the laws.
2. The Executive Branch carries out the laws.
3. The Judiciary Branch evaluates and interprets the laws.

The Legislative Branch, or Parliament, has two houses: the National Assembly and the Senate

1. National Assembly: It makes laws for the federation and keeps a check over the Executive. 

2. The Senate is the body that represents the provinces and promotes a feeling of equality, peace, and harmony.

Explanation

Urdu serves as a lingua franca, helping unite people across Pakistan's diverse regional languages.

It was chosen to promote national unity.

Urdu was declared Official Language of Pakistan under 251 article of the constitution 1973.