Explanation

• Vitamin D is essential for healthy bones.
• Its deficiency leads to Rickets in children and Osteomalacia in adults.
• Sunlight is the best natural source of Vitamin D.

Additional information:

Deficiency effects:

• Bone pain
• Weak bones
• Skeletal deformities

Other Vitamin Deficiencies:

• Vitamin A: Night blindness
• Vitamin C: Scurvy
• Vitamin B7 (Biotin): Hair fall

Last verified on 17-01-2026

Explanation

• An abundant component in Earth's atmosphere is nitrogen, about 78% of the air.
• The second most abundant gas is oxygen, which makes up about 21% of the air.
• Hydrogen and carbon dioxide are both present in the air, but in much smaller amounts than nitrogen and oxygen.

Last verified on 16-05-2026

Explanation

• Vitamin K helps to make various proteins that are needed for blood clotting and the building of bones.
• Prothrombin is a vitamin K-dependent protein directly involved with blood clotting.

• Vitamin C may protect the body against the effects of pollution.
• It may also prevent blood clots and reduce bruising.

Last verified on 31-03-2026

Explanation

• Natural petroleum is found deep inside the earth.
• It is not directly usable in its raw form.
• It exists as a thick, dark liquid mixture.
• This raw form is called crude oil.
• It is later refined into useful products like petrol, diesel, and kerosene.
• Crude oil is also called “black gold.”

Last verified on 03-05-2026

Explanation

• Ozone (O₃) is both beneficial and harmful depending on its location.
• In the Ozone Layer, it protects life by blocking UV rays.
• At ground level, it becomes a pollutant harmful to lungs and plants.
• Thus, it has a dual role in Earth’s atmosphere.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• The ozone hole is mainly caused by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
• CFCs release chlorine atoms that destroy ozone molecules.
• This happens in the Ozone Layer.
• Major impact observed over Antarctica.
• Linked to human activities like refrigeration and aerosols.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• The study of ancient societies through remains and artifacts is called archaeology.
• It focuses on ruins, tools, coins, and old structures.
• It helps us understand past human civilizations.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• The lithosphere is the rigid outer layer of the Earth.
• It includes the crust and uppermost solid mantle.
• It is broken into tectonic plates.
• These plates move slowly over the softer layer below.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• Atoms of the same element with same protons but different neutrons are called isotopes.
• They have the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
• Isotopes show different physical properties but similar chemical behavior.
• Example: Hydrogen has Protium, Deuterium, and Tritium.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• A Neutron bomb mainly releases intense radiation.
• It is designed to kill living organisms rather than destroy structures.
• Buildings and infrastructure remain mostly undamaged.
• Humans, animals, and plants are severely affected.
• Known as an enhanced radiation weapon (ERW).

Last verified on 02-05-2026