Explanation

• Textiles are Pakistan’s largest export commodity.
• The textile sector plays a key role in Pakistan’s economy and foreign exchange earnings.

Additional information:
Major textile export items:

• Cotton yarn
• Readymade garments
• Bed wear
• Towels
• Knitwear

Last verified on 19-01-2026

Explanation

• Date of Conquest: 29 May 1453
  • Siege Duration: 55 days
  • Ottoman Sultan: Mehmed II (Mehmed the Conqueror)
  • Significance: End of Byzantine Empire; start of Ottoman dominance in Eastern Europe
  • Population of Constantinople at Fall: ~50,000 – 80,000

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Shalimar Gardens in Lahore was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan.
• Construction Year: 1641–42
• Included in UNESCO World Heritage Site: 1981
• Terraces: 3 main terraces (upper, middle, lower)
• Water Fountains: Over 400 fountains
• Total Area: Approximately 16 hectares
• Shah Jahan also built: Taj Mahal (Agra), Jama Masjid (Delhi), Red Fort (Delhi)

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Cease Fire Date: 1 January 1949
• Based on: Part I of the UN Resolution of 13 August 1948
• Purpose: Suspension of hostilities and delineation of control areas
• Countries involved: India and Pakistan
• Later Name: Line of Control (LoC)

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

Explanation

The Federal Shariat Court (FSC)

• Established: 1980
• Total Judges: 8
• Ulema Judges: 3 (mandatory)
• Tenure of Judges: 3 years (extendable by the President)
• Founder: General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Author: Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman
• English edition published: 1961
• Urdu edition published: 1967
• Nature of book: Autobiography / Memoirs
• Topic: Pakistan Movement and political struggle

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah declared that the accession of Kashmir with India was illegal and fraudulent.
• He raised the issue in 1947, soon after independence, demanding that Kashmir be part of Pakistan.
• This statement was part of Pakistan’s diplomatic and political stance on the Kashmir dispute.

Last verified on 18-01-2026

Explanation

• Second Commander-in-Chief: General Sir Douglas Gracey (Feb 1948 – Jan 1951)
• First Muslim Commander-in-Chief: General Muhammad Ayub Khan (1951)

Explanation

Only 11 heroes have received Nishan-e-Haider in Pakistan’s history.

Nishan-e-Haider means “Emblem of the Lion”.

It is Pakistan’s highest military award for bravery.

Additional information:

1. Muhammad Sarwar – Punjab Regiment, Captain, 1947 War, 27 July 1948
2. Saif Ali Janjua – 5/18 Azad Kashmir Regiment, Naik, 1947 War, 26 October 1948
3. Tufail Mohammad – 13 Punjab Regiment, Major, 1958 Skirmishes, 7 August 1958
4. Raja Aziz Bhatti – 17 Punjab Regiment, Major, 1965 War, 10 September 1965
5. Rashid Minhas – No. 2 Fighter Conversion Unit, Pilot Officer, 1971 War, 20 August 1971
6. Muhammad Akram – 4 Frontier Force Regiment, Major, 1971 War, 5 December 1971
7. Shabbir Sharif – 6 Frontier Force Regiment, Major, 1971 War, 6 December 1971
8. Muhammad Hussain – 20 Lancers, Sowar, 1971 War, 10 December 1971
9. Muhammad Mahfuz Janjua – 15 Punjab Regiment, Lance Naik, 1971 War, 17 December 1971
10. Karnal Sher Khan – 12 Northern Light Infantry, Captain, Kargil War, 5 July 1999
11. Lalak Jan – 12 Northern Light Infantry, Havildar, Kargil War, 7 July 1999

Last verified on 18-01-2026