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Explanation

• A collection of related data is called a Database.
• A database stores and organizes related information so it can be easily accessed, managed, and updated.
• Examples include student records, employee information, and customer details.
• A DBMS (Database Management System) is software used to create and manage databases.

Last verified on 08-08-2026

Explanation

• East: India 🇮🇳
• West: Afghanistan 🇦🇫 and Iran 🇮🇷
• North/Northeast: China 🇨🇳
• South: Arabian Sea 🌊

Last verified on 03-09-2026

Explanation

• Email is used to send and receive electronic messages over the Internet.
• It allows users to communicate instantly across the world.
• Emails can include text, documents, images, audio, and video attachments.

Additional information:

• Email stands for: Electronic Mail
• SMTP: Sending emails
• POP3: Receiving/downloading emails
• IMAP: Synchronizing emails across devices
• Email address format: username@domain.com

Last verified on 28-07-2026

Explanation

• Date Signed: 10 January 1966
• Place: Tashkent, Soviet Union (now Uzbekistan)
•  It was a peace treaty between India and Pakistan following the 1965 war

Signatories:

• Ayub Khan – President of Pakistan
• Lal Bahadur Shastri – Prime Minister of India
• Alexei Kosygin – Premier of USSR (mediator)

Last verified on 16-01-2026

Explanation

• After the Martial Law of 1958, General Muhammad Ayub Khan introduced the Basic Democracy System in 1959.
• It created a local government structure and an indirect electoral system in Pakistan.

Additional information:

• Total Basic Democrats: 80,000
• East Pakistan: 40,000
• West Pakistan: 40,000
• These 80,000 members formed the Electoral College to elect the President and Assemblies.

Last verified on 07-03-2026

Explanation

• The Strait of Hormuz connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman.
• Location: Between Iran and Oman/UAE
• Connects: Persian Gulf → Gulf of Oman → Arabian Sea
• Narrowest Width: 33 km
• Importance: Major global oil transit route
• Region: Middle East

Additional information:

• Strait of Bosporus – Black Sea ↔ Sea of Marmara
• Strait of Gibraltar – Atlantic Ocean ↔ Mediterranean Sea
• Strait of Malacca – Andaman Sea ↔ South China Sea
• Bering Strait – Arctic Ocean ↔ Pacific Ocean

Last verified on 10-07-2026

Explanation

• LAN stands for Local Area Network.
• It is a network that connects devices within a limited geographical area.
• LAN is commonly used in homes, schools, laboratories, university campuses, and office buildings.
• It provides high-speed communication and resource sharing between connected devices.

Additional information:

• MAN: Metropolitan Area Network – Covers a city or metropolitan area
• WAN: Wide Area Network – Covers a large geographical area (countries/continents)

Last verified on 07-07-2026

Explanation

• APTMA officially stands for All Pakistan Textile Mills Association.
• It represents spinning, weaving, processing, and composite textile mills.

Additional information:

• Founded: 1958
• Role: Protects interests of textile industry and promotes exports

Last verified on 25-01-2026

Explanation

• Adrenal gland → Endocrine gland, not a digestive gland.
• Liver → Digestive gland; produces bile.
• Pancreas → Digestive gland; produces digestive enzymes.

Last verified on 03-09-2026

Explanation

• Bleaching powder: CaOCl₂
• Chemical name: Calcium oxychloride.
• Main uses: Bleaching and disinfection.
• CaCl₂: Calcium chloride.
• Ca(OH)₂: Calcium hydroxide (slaked lime).

Last verified on 03-09-2026