Explanation

Date: 16 September

UN Proclamation Year: 1994

Ozone Layer Discovery: 1985 (Montreal Protocol signed in 1987)

Additional information:

• Theme 2024: Montreal Protocol: Advancing Climate Action
• Theme 2025: From Science to Global Action
• Theme 2026: Global action for a cooler planet

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Explanation

• NATO stands form the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
• Founded: 4 April 1949 (Washington, USA)
• Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium
• Total members: 32 (30 European & 2 North American countries)
• Latest Member: Finland
• Type: Military Alliance
• Official Languages: English & French
• Founding members: 12
• Pakistan: Not a NATO member
  
• Member Muslim country: Turkiye 
• Last Member: On 7 March 2024, Sweden became the 32nd member.

List of NATO member countries

1.       Albania

2.       Belgium

3.       Bulgaria

4.       Canada

5.       Croatia

6.       Czechia

7.       Denmark

8.       Estonia

9.       France

10.   Germany

11.   Greece

12.   Hungary

13.   Iceland

14.   Italy

15.   Latvia

16.   Lithuania

17.   Luxembourg

18.   Montenegro

19.   Netherlands

20.   North Macedonia

21.   Norway

22.   Poland

23.   Portugal

24.   Romania

25.   Slovakia

26.   Slovenia

27.   Spain

28.   Turkiye

29.   United Kingdom

30.   United States

31.   Finland 2023

32.  Sweden 2024

Last updated by NA on 22-April-2026

Explanation

• Date of Entry: December 11, 2001 (becoming the 143rd member).
• Negotiation Period: Took 14 years of talks before final approval

Additional information:

• WTO: World Trade Organization
• WTO headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
• WTO established: 1 January 1995

Last updated by NA ON 16-09-2026

Explanation

• Discoverer: Alexander Fleming
• Year of discovery: 1928
• Place: St. Mary's Hospital, London
• First patient treated with penicillin: Albert Alexander
• Date of first treatment: 12 February 1941

Last verified on 14-09-2026

Explanation

• The Lahore Resolution was passed on 23 March 1940 at Minto Park, Lahore.
• Presented by A. K. Fazlul Huq
• Prepared text by Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
• It demanded separate states for Muslims of the subcontinent.
• It is also called the Pakistan Resolution.

Additional information:

Key Participants (by region)

1. Punjab → Zafar Ali Khan
2. Sindh → Sir Abdullah Haroon
3. Bengal → A.K. Fazlul Huq
4. KPK → Sardar Aurangzeb Khan
5. United Provinces → Khalid Zaman

Last verified 04-05-2026

Explanation

NATO stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Founded: 4 April 1949 (Washington, USA)

Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium

Type: Military Alliance

Official Languages: English & French

Founding Members: 12

Total Members: 32

• European: 30
• North American: 2

Latest Member: Sweden (joined 7 March 2024)

Muslim Member Country: Türkiye

Pakistan: Not a NATO member

List of NATO member countries:

1. Albania
2. Belgium
3. Bulgaria
4. Canada
5. Croatia
6. Czechia
7. Denmark
8. Estonia
9. France
10. Germany
11. Greece
12. Hungary
13. Iceland
14. Italy
15. Latvia
16. Lithuania
17. Luxembourg
18. Montenegro
19. Netherlands
20. North Macedonia
21. Norway
22. Poland
23. Portugal
24. Romania
25. Slovakia
26. Slovenia
27. Spain
28. Turkiye
29. United Kingdom
30. United States
31. Finland
32. Sweden

Last verified on 16-01-2026

Explanation

• BCC stands for: Blind Carbon Copy
• Used in: Email communication
• Purpose: Hides recipient email addresses from other recipients

Additional information:

• CC (Carbon Copy): Recipients are visible to all
• BCC: Recipients are hidden from everyone except the sender

Last verified on 16-01-2026

Explanation

• WTO (World Trade Organization) was established on 1 January 1995.
• It succeeded GATT.
• Pakistan joined WTO on 1 January 1995.

Additional information:

• Members: 164
• Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
• Official Languages: English, French, Spanish

Objectives:

• Protect Intellectual Property Rights
• Promote Free Trade
• Remove Trade Quotas

Last verified on 16-01-2026

Explanation

• HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
• It is a protocol for fetching resources such as HTML documents.
• It provides secure communication over a computer network.
•  It can also be used to fetch parts of documents to update Web pages on demand.
• https://www.google.com is called the URL.

Last verified on 04-06-2026

Explanation

• CNN is a major American television news channel.
• Its full form is Cable News Network.
• It was founded on 1st June 1980 by Ted Turner.
• CNN is famous for 24-hour global news coverage.
• It was the first channel to provide continuous news broadcasting.

Last verified on 17-05-2026