Explanation

• The plains of the Indus River are very fertile and extensive.
• They cover about 20% of Pakistan’s total land area.
• The Indus River is approximately 2900 km long.
• These plains are important for agriculture and population settlement.
• They form the backbone of Pakistan’s irrigation system.

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• The opposition to the Partition of Bengal (1905) was led by Congress leaders.
• Sir Pherozeshah Mehta was an important early Congress leader.
• He played a key role in mobilizing opposition against British decision.
• The movement led to the Swadeshi and Boycott Movement.
• It became a major phase of Indian nationalist struggle.

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• The book Pakistan in the Twentieth Century: A Political History is written by Lawrence Ziring.
• It presents a detailed political history of Pakistan.
• The book covers events from British India to modern Pakistan.

Additional information:

• Ayesha Jalal → The Sole Spokesman
• Sugata Bose → Modern South Asia
• Stanley Wolpert → Jinnah of Pakistan
• I. H. Qureshi → The Struggle for Pakistan

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• Dyarchy was introduced under the Government of India Act 1919 (Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms).

In this system, provincial powers were divided into two parts.

1. Some subjects were controlled by provincial ministers (elected representatives).
2. Other subjects were controlled by Governor and executive officers.

Transferred Subjects (Indian Ministers):

• Education
• Health
• Agriculture
• Local Government

Reserved Subjects (Governor):

• Police
• Finance
• Irrigation
• Law and Order

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• During Lord Curzon (1899–1905), Congress used boycott of British goods as a protest tactic.
• It was part of the broader Swadeshi and anti-partition movement.
• The aim was to weaken British economic control.
• People were encouraged to use local Indian products instead of British goods.
• The boycott movement strengthened Indian nationalism.
• It laid the foundation for later mass movements like Non-Cooperation Movement (1920).

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• Vicinity means قرب و جوار ۔ پڑوس
• Neighbourhood means محلہ

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• After the failure of the Cripps Mission, Congress reacted strongly.
• It launched the Quit India Movement in 1942.
• This was led by Mahatma Gandhi.
• The demand was for immediate British withdrawal from India.
• It became a major mass movement against British rule.

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• Special Economic Zones (SEZs) help diversify Pakistan’s export base.
• SEZs promote industrial growth and manufacturing.
• They attract local and foreign investment.
• This increases production of different export goods.
• As a result, Pakistan’s export basket becomes more diverse.

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• Tarbela Dam is built on the River Indus.
• It is located about 47 km upstream from Attock.
• Situated in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
• Completed in 1976 as a major water and power project.
• It is one of the largest earth-filled dams in the world.
• Reservoir area → ~250 km² (Tarbela Lake)
• Installed capacity → 4,888 MW
• Planned expansion → 6,418 MW (after extension)

Last verified on 29-04-2026

Explanation

• Sher Shah Suri (1540–1545) introduced major reforms in India.
• He reformed the currency system (coinage system).
• He also improved police, judicial, and military administration.
• His reforms made governance more efficient and organized.

Last verified on 29-04-2026