Explanation

Article 46 makes certain statements of deceased/unavailable persons relevant.

uch statements may be relevant when they fall within specified circumstances, such as:

• A statement made by a person as to the cause of their death.
• A statement made in the ordinary course of business.
• A statement against the person's pecuniary or proprietary interest.
• A statement concerning a public right, custom, or matter of general interest.
• A statement relating to relationship by blood, marriage, or adoption, where the person had special means of knowledge.
• Statements concerning family affairs, made before the dispute arose.

Explanation

Article 22 covers facts necessary for explanation,

identification, time/place and relationship of parties.

Dying declarations are recognized as an exception to the hearsay rule.

Explanation

Article 50 concerns statements in maps, charts and plans.

Explanation

Explanation

Article 19 embodies the principle commonly associated with res gestae.