Explanation

• The primary purpose of microorganisms such as bacteria is to decompose dead organic matter and recycle nutrients.
• Bacteria break down dead plants, animals, and organic waste.
• This process returns nutrients to the soil, making them available for new life.
• Without decomposers, dead matter would accumulate, and nutrient cycling would stop.

Last verified on 11-07-2026

Explanation

• Malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium.
• It is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito.
• Malaria is a parasitic disease.
• It mainly affects the liver and red blood cells.
• Common symptoms include fever, chills, headache, and sweating.

Last verified on 11-07-2026

Explanation

• Fish survival decreases due to the decomposition of organic matter.
• When organic matter increases, bacteria decompose it and consume dissolved oxygen.
• Low oxygen levels make it difficult for fish to breathe.
• This can lead to fish stress or even fish kills.
• Excess organic matter also reduces overall water quality.

Last verified on 11-07-2026

Explanation

• Geobacillus stearothermophilus is the standard biological indicator used to test the effectiveness of an autoclave.
• Its heat-resistant spores are difficult to kill, making them ideal for sterilization testing.
• If the spores are destroyed, the autoclave is functioning properly.
• It is widely used in hospitals, laboratories, and pharmaceutical industries.

Last verified on 11-07-2026

Explanation

• The collective term for all the petals of a flower is called the Corolla.
• The corolla is usually brightly colored to attract pollinators such as insects and birds.
• It is the second whorl of a flower, located inside the calyx.
• Petals help in the process of pollination.

Additional information:

• Calyx → Collective term for sepals
• Androecium → Male reproductive part (Stamens)
• Gynoecium (Pistil) → Female reproductive part (Carpels)

Last verified on 10-07-2026