Explanation

• Gateway — connects networks with different protocols; performs protocol conversion (works up to the application layer).

Additional information:

• Bridge — connects networks using the same protocol (data link layer).
• Router — connects networks using the same protocol, typically IP (network layer).

Last updated NA on 10-09-2026

Explanation

• A half-byte, also known as a nibble.
• Size: It consists of 4 bits, which is exactly half of an 8-bit byte.
• It can represent 16 different values, from 0000 to 1111.
• It is also called a tetrade, quadbit, or semi-octet

Last updated NA on 10-09-2026

Explanation

• Compiler/Windows XP is not hardware; it is software.
• Compiler: A program that translates computer code into machine language.
• Windows XP: An operating system that runs computer programs.

Additional information:

• CPU, RAM, Hard Disk, Monitor, and Chip are all hardware.
• A compiler is software that converts code into machine language.
• Windows XP is an operating system.

Last updated by NA on 09-09-2026

Explanation

• Access time is the time required by a computer to locate and access data.
• It is an important measure of the speed of memory or storage devices.
• Lower access time generally means faster data retrieval.

Last verified on 08-09-2026

Explanation

• Multiprocessing means using two or more processors/CPU cores to execute multiple programs or processes simultaneously (at the same time).

• Multitasking generally means running multiple tasks by sharing CPU time.
• Multiprogramming means keeping multiple programs in memory and switching the CPU among them.

Last verified on 08-09-2026