Explanation

• MSE stands for Mean Squared Error
• It measures the average of the squared differences between actual and predicted values.
• It is used as a loss function to evaluate the performance of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs).
• Lower MSE = smaller prediction errors.

Explanation

• LLM stands for Large Language Model.
• It is an advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) model trained on large amounts of text data.
• LLMs can understand, generate, summarize, and translate human language.
• They are widely used in chatbots, virtual assistants, and content generation.
• Examples include ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, and Llama.

Last verified on 21-10-2026

Explanation

• SaaS stand for Software as a Service.
• SaaS is a cloud computing model that allows users to access software over the internet without installing or maintaining it locally.
• Examples include Google Docs, Microsoft 365, and Salesforce.

Additional information:

• SaaS is one of the three major cloud service models: SaaS, PaaS (Platform as a Service), and IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service).

Last verified on 21-10-2026

Explanation

ISP stands for Internet Service Provider — a company that provides access to the Internet.

Examples include PTCL, StormFiber, and Nayatel.

Explanation

• CC stands for Carbon Copy.
• It is used to send a copy of an email to additional recipients.
• All recipients can see the email addresses listed in the To and Cc fields.

Additional information:

• Bcc (Blind Carbon Copy) → Sends a hidden copy; other recipients cannot see these addresses.

Last verified on 11-07-2026