Explanation

• Total members: 32 (30 European & 2 North American countries)
• NATO stands for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
• Founded: 4 April 1949 (Washington, USA)
• Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium
• Latest Member: Finland
• Type: Military Alliance
• Official Languages: English & French
• Founding members: 12
• Pakistan: Not a NATO member
  
• Member Muslim country: Turkiye 
• Last Member: On 7 March 2024, Sweden became the 32nd member.

List of NATO member countries

1.       Albania

2.       Belgium

3.       Bulgaria

4.       Canada

5.       Croatia

6.       Czechia

7.       Denmark

8.       Estonia

9.       France

10.   Germany

11.   Greece

12.   Hungary

13.   Iceland

14.   Italy

15.   Latvia

16.   Lithuania

17.   Luxembourg

18.   Montenegro

19.   Netherlands

20.   North Macedonia

21.   Norway

22.   Poland

23.   Portugal

24.   Romania

25.   Slovakia

26.   Slovenia

27.   Spain

28.   Turkiye

29.   United Kingdom

30.   United States

31.   Finland 2023

32.  Sweden 2024

Last updated by NA on 04-11-2026

Explanation

• The headquarters of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) is located in Washington, D.C., United States.
• Purpose: Global financial stability & loan support
• Founded: 27 December 1945
• Members: 190 countries
• Official language: English

Last verified on 24-06-2026

Explanation

1. The United Nations has designated 2026 as the International Year of Rangelands and Pastoralists.

2. It has also designated 2026 as the International Year of Volunteers for Sustainable Development.
3. The third observance is the International Year of the Woman Farmer.

Last verified on 30-10-2026

Explanation

• The four Geneva Conventions of 1949 have been ratified by 196 states.

Additional information:

• The Geneva Conventions are based partly on the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907.
• First Geneva Convention: Adopted in 1864; revised in 1906, 1929, and 1949.
• Second Geneva Convention: Adopted in 1949; succeeded the Hague Convention (X) of 1907.
• Third Geneva Convention: First adopted in 1929; revised in 1949.
• Fourth Geneva Convention: Adopted in 1949.

Last verified on 29-10-2026

Explanation

• The Human Development Index (HDI) is issued annually by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

Main Indicators: 3

1. Life expectancy (Health)
2. Education
3. Gross National Income (GNI) per capita

Additional information:

• UNDP Founded: 22 November 1965
• UNDP Headquarters: New York City
• UNDP Purpose: Promote sustainable human development and reduce poverty

Last verified on 08-07-2026