Explanation

• Rainfall is measured using a Rain Gauge.
• It collects rainwater and measures it in millimeters (mm).
• Widely used in weather forecasting and meteorology.
• Helps in studying climate and agriculture patterns.

Last verified on 31-03-2026

Explanation

In a cloudburst, rainfall specifically exceeds 100 millimetres (about 4 inches) per hour over a localized area. 

Explanation

• Limiting factors are environmental conditions that restrict the growth, abundance, or distribution of organisms.
• They determine which species can survive and how many individuals of each species can exist in an ecosystem.
• Limiting factors can be abiotic (non-living) like sunlight, water, or temperature.
• They can also be biotic (living) like competition, predation, or disease.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• Tundra is a cold, treeless region found near the Arctic and Antarctic.
• Soil is often frozen (permafrost) throughout the year.
• Vegetation includes mosses, lichens, and low shrubs.
• Animals adapted: polar bears, arctic foxes, reindeer.

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• The ozone layer is a part of the Earth’s stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
• Without it, UV rays could cause skin cancer, cataracts, and environmental damage.
• It is found approximately 15–35 km above Earth’s surface.

Last verified on 13-03-2026