Explanation

• The Umayyad Caliphate was founded by Muawiya I.
• Reign: 661–680 AD
• Start of Rule: After the end of the First Muslim Civil War and a peace treaty with Hasan ibn Ali.
• Moved the Caliphate’s capital to Damascus, Syria

Additional information:

• Umayyad Dynasty started: 661 AD
• Umayyad Dynasty ended: 750 AD
• Last Caliph: Marwan II (744–750 AD)

Last updated 08 Nov 2026 by NA

Explanation

Martyrdom of Hazrat Ali (رضي الله عنه)

• - Attack Date: 19 Ramadan, 40 AH.
• - Time: Before Fajr prayer.
• - Location: Masjid-e-Kufa, Iraq.
• - Attacker: Ibn Muljam.
• - Weapon: Poisoned sword.
• - Date of Death: 21 Ramadan, 40 AH (661 CE).
• - Burial Place: Najaf al-Ashraf, Iraq.

Explanation

• Battle of Yarmouk: Fought between the Byzantine Empire and Muslim forces under Khalid bin Waleed.

• Dates: August 15 to August 20, 636 AD.

• Location: Near the Yarmouk River.

• Caliphate: During the reign of Hazrat Umar (RA).

• Result: Decisive victory for the Muslims, marking the end of Byzantine rule in Syria.

Last updated by NA on 05-11-2026

Explanation

• Conquered during: Hazrat Uthman’s (RA) caliphate.
• Campaign led by: Amir Muawiya (RA).
• Year: 649 CE (28 AH).
• Importance: One of the first major Muslim naval expeditions.
• Opposing power: Byzantine Empire.
• Tribute: Approximately 7,000 dinars annually.

Last updated on 30 Oct 2026

Explanation

• Caliphate: During the reign of Hazrat Umar (RA).
• Battle of Yarmouk: Fought between the Byzantine Empire and Muslim forces under Khalid bin Waleed.
• Dates: August 15 to August 20, 636 AD.
• Location: Near the Yarmouk River.
• Result: Decisive victory for the Muslims, marking the end of Byzantine rule in Syria.

Last verified on 27-04-2026