Explanation

Note: In European history, the Medieval period typically refers to a different timeframe, usually 476 AD to 1450/1500 A

• The medieval period in India
• Have started with the arrival of Islam and the conquest of Sindh by Muhammad bin Qasim 
• Start Date: 712 AD (Conquest of Sindh).
• End Date: 1857 AD (Fall of the Mughal Empire/start of British Raj).

Explanation

• Qutb ud-Din Aibak was the first independent Muslim ruler of Delhi 
• Founder of the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty
• He was the general of Muhammad Ghori.
  

Additional information

• Al-khafif was the first ruler of the Soomra dynasty (1011-1026)
• Mughal emperor Akbar was the first Muslim 
• Razia Sultana, the first woman ruler of India

Explanation

• Quaid-e-Azam presented the Delhi proposals in 1927
• The conference was held on March 20, 1927
• Resulting in proposals between Delhi and Muslims
  
  

Explanation

• The tomb of Babur, the first Mughal Emperor, is located in Bagh-e Babur, Kabul (Afghanistan).
• He died on 5 January 1531 in Agra at the age of 47.
• Initially, he was buried in Agra.
• Later, his remains were shifted to Kabul as per his wish.
• He was reburied in Kabul between 1539–1544.

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• Qutb Uddin Aibak was a slave and general of Muhammad Ghauri.
• Later becoming the first ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.
• After Ghauri's assassination in 1206, Aibak declared himself Sultan of Delhi and established the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty.

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

• Shah Waliullah Dehlawi (1703–1762) was a great Islamic scholar and reformer of the Mughal era.
• His real name was Qutubuddin Ahmad Syed.
• He was born on 21 February 1703 in Phulat (India) during the reign of Aurangzeb.
• He translated the Holy Quran into Persian for the first time in the subcontinent.
• He wrote about 51 books on Islam, society, and reforms.

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• ‘Now or Never’ is a pamphlet written by Chaudhry Rehmat Ali in 1933.
• It advocated the creation of a separate Muslim state (Pakistan).
• The pamphlet was written while he was studying at Cambridge University, England.

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• The Khilafat Movement came to an end in 1924 when Mustafa Kemal Atatürk abolished the Ottoman Caliphate.
• The movement started in 1919.
• It was led by Indian Muslim leaders like Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar and Maulana Shaukat Ali to protect the Caliphate.

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• The idea of Pakistan was first conceived by Muhammad Iqbal.
• He is widely regarded as the spiritual father of Pakistan.
• Muhammad Iqbal was famous for his lines "Mazhab Nahi Sikhata Aapas Mein Bair Rakhna".
• Muhammad Iqbal was the author of Book 'Baang-e-Dara'.

Last verified on 01-04-2026

Explanation

• The Indian Councils Act 1909, also called the Morley-Minto Reforms, introduced separate electorates for Muslims.

Additional information:

• Date of introduction: 12 March 1909
• Total members in Central Legislative Council: 60
• Muslim reserved seats: 5
• 27 members were to be elected from different constituencies.
• Nehru Report (28 August 1928) rejected the demand for separate electorate.

Last verified on 01-04-2026