Explanation

A refracting telescope has two lenses:

1. A primary lens (objective) that collects and focuses light.
2. A secondary lens (eyepiece) that magnifies the focused light to form an image.

Explanation

• In a mercury thermometer, the mercury in the bulb expands and rises in the tube, which has a linear scale ranging from 94°F to 108°F.
• This specific range is commonly used for medical thermometers to measure human body temperature.

Explanation

• Atmospheric pressure is a scalar quantity that acts equally in all directions, pressing on surfaces from all sides.
• This is why a balloon expands in all directions when inflated, and why a submarine is squeezed from all sides by the surrounding water pressure.

Explanation

• Pollution is the introduction of harmful or poisonous substances into the environment, causing damage to the air, water, and land.
• This can have harmful effects on human health, wildlife, and the ecosystem as a whole.

Explanation

• Mercury is a silvery-white liquid metal that was traditionally used in clinical thermometers due to its high coefficient of expansion.
• It allowing for accurate temperature measurements.

Explanation

Gregor Mendel (from Austria) is called the Father of Genetics for his experiments on pea plants.

He discovered the basic principles of heredity and inheritance through his work.

Explanation

• This core concept is known as Boyle's Law.

  • Relation: Pressure ∝ 1/Volume
  • Pressure ↑ → Volume ↓
  • Pressure ↓ → Volume ↑
  • They have an inverse relationship.
  • Formula: P_1V_1=P_2V_2
  • This means Pressure × Volume = Constant 

Explanation

The nephron is the microscopic structural and functional unit of the kidney

There are almost 1000000 of nephrons in each kidney in the human body

How it Works 

Filtration:

Blood enters the glomerulus, where its smaller components are filtered into the Bowman's capsule.

Reabsorption:

As the filtered fluid moves through the renal tubule, essential substances (water, minerals, nutrients) are reabsorbed into the bloodstream.

Waste Concentration:

The remaining fluid, now concentrated with wastes and excess water, becomes urine.

Explanation

A converging lens (usually convex) bends parallel rays of light to meet at a single point (focus).

It is commonly used in magnifying glasses and optical instruments.

Explanation

The SI unit of temperature as per the International System of Units is Kelvin.

It is represented by the symbol  K.

Note:

Celsius is currently a derived unit for temperature in the SI system, Kelvin is the base unit.